Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Health, Safety, and Environment, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
PLoS One. 2024 Feb 26;19(2):e0297778. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297778. eCollection 2024.
The human body changes during life, but research on how sociodemographic characteristics and physical activity (PA) related to all aspects of body image are still unclear and there is conflict in the relevant results. This study aims to examine gender-specific body image perception and physical activity in relation to BMI and sociodemographic characteristics among health employees who worked in health and medical care centers.
The study was a population-based cross-sectional survey of 170 health employees (55 men and 115 women) in Binaloud, Iran. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire, which consisted of a self-administered Multidimensional Body-Self Image Questionnaire (MBSRQ) and stages of change scales. The full version of Marcus-TTM based on the stages of physical activity changes was used based on 5 items related to regular physical activity behavior and intentions.
There were no significant differences between men and women in total body image score, body area satisfaction, and attitude. Disease orientation (p = 0.02) and health orientation (p = 0.05) were the only significant differences between men and women. The number of children, level of education, BMI, and PA had a stronger influence on body image concerns and body dissatisfaction. PA and 7 of the 10 subclasses of MBSRQ (appearance evaluation, fitness evaluation, fitness orientation, health evaluation, health orientation, and illness orientation) showed a significant difference (P<0.05) between participants in the five TTM stages.
The ideal body image and body satisfaction may differ by the number of children, level of education, gender, BMI, and PA. Evidence from this study supports that participants' stages of change affect their physical activity and body image perception. This result suggests a need for conducting work/home place intervention to promote adults' body image perception and body area satisfaction based on the usage-specific stage under consideration.
人体在生命过程中会发生变化，但关于社会人口特征和身体活动（PA）与身体意象各个方面的关系的研究仍不清楚，相关结果存在冲突。本研究旨在检验性别特异性身体意象感知以及与 BMI 和社会人口特征相关的身体活动在健康和医疗保健中心工作的健康员工中的情况。
本研究是伊朗比纳卢德的一项基于人群的横断面调查，共有 170 名健康员工（55 名男性和 115 名女性）参与。参与者完成了一份自我管理问卷，其中包括多维身体自我意象问卷（MBSRQ）和阶段变化量表。基于与定期身体活动行为和意向相关的 5 项内容，使用了基于身体活动变化阶段的完整版本的马库斯-ttm。
男性和女性在总体身体意象评分、身体区域满意度和态度方面没有显著差异。疾病取向（p=0.02）和健康取向（p=0.05）是男性和女性之间仅有的显著差异。孩子数量、教育水平、BMI 和 PA 对身体意象关注和身体不满有更强的影响。PA 和 MBSRQ 的 10 个子类中的 7 个（外貌评价、健康评价、健康取向、疾病取向）在五个 TTM 阶段的参与者之间存在显著差异（P<0.05）。
理想的身体意象和身体满意度可能因孩子数量、教育水平、性别、BMI 和 PA 而异。本研究的证据支持参与者的变化阶段会影响他们的身体活动和身体意象感知。这一结果表明，需要根据特定使用阶段进行工作/家庭场所干预，以促进成年人的身体意象感知和身体区域满意度。
