Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2021 Mar;31(3):510-520. doi: 10.1111/sms.13895. Epub 2020 Dec 10.
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital heart defect in adults. Although a BAV may remain without clinical consequences for a lifetime, it can deteriorate in aortic valve stenosis and regurgitation and aortic dilatation. Unfortunately, the impact of regular training on patients with BAV and its natural course is not fully understood, although preliminary evidence suggests that the progression of valvular disease occurs primarily in an independent manner from sports practice. The current review aims to report how to perform a comprehensive echocardiographic examination in athletes with BAV and analyze the current literature on the influence of sports practice and how it impacts the aortic valve in athletes with BAV. The article also summarizes the current recommendations on sports eligibility and disqualification for competitive athletes with BAV.
二叶式主动脉瓣（BAV）是成人中最常见的先天性心脏缺陷。尽管 BAV 可能终生没有临床后果，但它可能会恶化成主动脉瓣狭窄和反流以及主动脉扩张。不幸的是，尽管初步证据表明瓣膜疾病的进展主要与运动实践独立发生，但定期训练对 BAV 患者及其自然病程的影响尚未完全了解。目前的综述旨在报告如何对 BAV 运动员进行全面的超声心动图检查，并分析目前关于运动实践的影响以及它如何影响 BAV 运动员主动脉瓣的文献。本文还总结了目前关于 BAV 竞技运动员运动资格和不合格的建议。
