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贝尔定理、玻姆理论及多相互作用世界理论中的非定域性

Nonlocality in Bell's Theorem, in Bohm's Theory, and in Many Interacting Worlds Theorising.

作者信息

Ghadimi Mojtaba, Hall Michael J W, Wiseman Howard M

机构信息

Centre for Quantum Dynamics, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia.

出版信息

Entropy (Basel). 2018 Jul 30;20(8):567. doi: 10.3390/e20080567.

Abstract

"Locality" is a fraught word, even within the restricted context of Bell's theorem. As one of us has argued elsewhere, that is partly because Bell himself used the word with different meanings at different stages in his career. The original, weaker, meaning for locality was in his 1964 theorem: that the choice of setting by one party could never affect the outcome of a measurement performed by a distant second party. The epitome of a quantum theory violating this weak notion of locality (and hence exhibiting a strong form of nonlocality) is Bohmian mechanics. Recently, a new approach to quantum mechanics, inspired by Bohmian mechanics, has been proposed: Many Interacting Worlds. While it is conceptually clear how the interaction between worlds can enable this strong nonlocality, technical problems in the theory have thus far prevented a proof by simulation. Here we report significant progress in tackling one of the most basic difficulties that needs to be overcome: correctly modelling wavefunctions with nodes.

摘要

“定域性”是一个充满争议的词汇,即便在贝尔定理的有限语境中也是如此。正如我们其中一人在其他地方所论证的,部分原因在于贝尔本人在其职业生涯的不同阶段对这个词使用了不同的含义。定域性最初的、较弱的含义出现在他1964年的定理中:一方对测量设置的选择永远不会影响远处另一方进行的测量结果。违反这种弱定域性概念(从而展现出一种强形式的非定域性)的量子理论的典型例子是玻姆力学。最近,受玻姆力学启发,一种新的量子力学方法被提出来了:多相互作用世界理论。虽然从概念上清楚世界之间的相互作用如何能够产生这种强非定域性,但该理论中的技术问题迄今为止阻碍了通过模拟进行的证明。在此,我们报告在攻克一个需要克服的最基本困难方面取得的重大进展:用节点正确地对波函数进行建模。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fbe8/7513092/6fb4458d07e0/entropy-20-00567-g0A1.jpg

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