Manton K G, Patrick C H, Johnson K W
Center for Demographic Studies, Duke University, Durham, NC 27706.
Milbank Q. 1987;65 Suppl 1:129-99.
Black Americans continue to have large numbers of premature and excess deaths, measured against white experience, from seven major causes. Major differences in chronic disease, disability and case fatality rates persist despite similarities in the amount of health care received; the nature and quality of care is likely to be dissimilar. Epidemiological and clinical evidence suggests various strategies to reduce these differentials through well-designed public health efforts at prevention. These will have to deal with harsh realities of sociocultural, economic, and political contexts.
与白人相比，美国黑人因七种主要原因导致的过早死亡和超额死亡人数仍然众多。尽管接受的医疗保健数量相似，但慢性病、残疾和病死率方面的重大差异依然存在；医疗保健的性质和质量可能有所不同。流行病学和临床证据表明，通过精心设计的公共卫生预防措施，可以采取各种策略来缩小这些差异。这些措施将不得不应对社会文化、经济和政治背景下的严峻现实。
