Labbé R F, Rettmer R L, Shah A G, Turnlund J R
Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1987;514:7-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb48755.x.
The course of zinc protoporphyrin research has progressed at an increasingly rapid pace on several fronts. A variety of biochemical and clinical evidence viewed in toto now suggests that ferrochelatase catalyzes zinc protoporphyrin formation in states of relative iron-deficient erythropoiesis and in lead-inhibited iron metabolism. Furthermore, a redefinition of the relationship of zinc protoporphyrin to certain other parameters of iron status has been made based upon changes during the earliest states of iron depletion. These clinical studies show that the zinc protoporphyrin level and the ferritin level vary in concert but that changes in the percent transferrin saturation and in the hematocrit results are less consistent. Thus zinc protoporphyrin and ferritin are closely linked metabolically such that iron-deficient erythropoiesis becomes an initial manifestation of iron depletion. The measurement and expression of results as mumoles zinc protoporphyrin/mole heme have improved the quality of results, partly by the elimination of the assumed hematocrit designed into existing instruments. Other refinements in hematofluorometry technology have permitted exploration of the potentially extensive applications of zinc protoporphyrin measurements for lead surveillance and diagnosis, blood banking, pediatrics, obstetrics, sports medicine, and other clinical situations where a very sensitive, cost-effective indication of iron status is required.
锌原卟啉的研究在多个方面正以越来越快的速度取得进展。综合来看，各种生化和临床证据表明，在相对缺铁性红细胞生成状态以及铅抑制铁代谢的情况下，亚铁螯合酶催化锌原卟啉的形成。此外，基于铁缺乏最早阶段的变化，对锌原卟啉与铁状态的某些其他参数之间的关系进行了重新定义。这些临床研究表明，锌原卟啉水平和铁蛋白水平协同变化，但转铁蛋白饱和度百分比和血细胞比容结果的变化不太一致。因此，锌原卟啉和铁蛋白在代谢上紧密相连，以至于缺铁性红细胞生成成为铁缺乏的最初表现。以每摩尔血红素中锌原卟啉的微摩尔数来测量和表达结果，部分通过消除现有仪器中预设的血细胞比容，提高了结果的质量。血液荧光测定技术的其他改进使得能够探索锌原卟啉测量在铅监测与诊断、血库、儿科、产科、运动医学以及其他需要非常敏感且经济有效的铁状态指标的临床情况中的潜在广泛应用。
