Maurer Stefanie F, Dieckmann Sebastian, Lund Jens, Fromme Tobias, Hess Anne Lundby, Colson Cécilia, Kjølbaek Louise, Astrup Arne, Gillum Matthew Paul, Larsen Lesli Hingstrup, Liebisch Gerhard, Amri Ez-Zoubir, Klingenspor Martin
Chair for Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences, Freising, 85354, Germany.
EKFZ - Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Freising, 85354, Germany.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2021 Jan;65(2):e2000681. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.202000681. Epub 2020 Dec 21.
Brown and brite adipocytes within the mammalian adipose organ provide non-shivering thermogenesis and thus, have an exceptional capacity to dissipate chemical energy as heat. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of the n3-series, abundant in fish oil, have been repeatedly demonstrated to enhance the recruitment of thermogenic capacity in these cells, consequently affecting body adiposity and glucose tolerance. These effects are scrutinized in mice housed in a thermoneutral environment and in a human dietary intervention trial.
Mice are housed in a thermoneutral environment eliminating the superimposing effect of mild cold-exposure on thermogenic adipocyte recruitment. Dietary fish oil supplementation in two different inbred mouse strains neither affects body mass trajectory nor enhances the recruitment of brown and brite adipocytes, both in the presence and absence of a β3-adrenoreceptor agonist imitating the effect of cold-exposure on adipocytes. In line with these findings, dietary fish oil supplementation of persons with overweight or obesity fails to recruit thermogenic adipocytes in subcutaneous adipose tissue.
Thus, the authors' data question the hypothesized potential of n3-PUFA as modulators of adipocyte-based thermogenesis and energy balance regulation.
哺乳动物脂肪器官内的褐色脂肪细胞和米色脂肪细胞可提供非颤抖性产热，因此具有将化学能以热量形式消散的特殊能力。富含于鱼油中的n3系列多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）已被反复证明可增强这些细胞的产热能力，从而影响身体肥胖和葡萄糖耐量。在处于热中性环境的小鼠和一项人体饮食干预试验中对这些作用进行了仔细研究。
将小鼠饲养在热中性环境中，以消除轻度冷暴露对产热脂肪细胞募集的叠加效应。在两种不同的近交小鼠品系中补充膳食鱼油，无论是否存在模拟冷暴露对脂肪细胞作用的β3肾上腺素能受体激动剂，均既不影响体重轨迹，也不增强褐色脂肪细胞和米色脂肪细胞的募集。与这些发现一致，超重或肥胖者补充膳食鱼油未能在皮下脂肪组织中募集产热脂肪细胞。
因此，作者的数据对n3-PUFA作为基于脂肪细胞的产热和能量平衡调节调节剂的假设潜力提出了质疑。
