MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Institute of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China.
J Psychopharmacol. 2021 Jan;35(1):40-49. doi: 10.1177/0269881120972347. Epub 2020 Dec 4.
Feedback evaluation of actions and error response detection are critical for optimizing behavioral adaptation. Oxytocin can facilitate learning following social feedback but whether its effects vary as a function of feedback valence remains unclear.
The present study aimed to investigate whether oxytocin would influence responses to positive and negative feedback differentially or equivalently.
The present study employed a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled within-subject design to investigate whether intranasal oxytocin (24 IU) influenced behavioral and evoked electrophysiological potential responses to positive or negative feedback in a probabilistic learning task.
Results showed that oxytocin facilitated learning and this effect was maintained in the absence of feedback. Using novel stimulus pairings, we found that oxytocin abolished bias towards learning more from negative feedback under placebo by increasing accuracy for positively reinforced stimuli. Oxytocin also decreased the feedback-related negativity difference (negative minus positive feedback) during learning, further suggesting that it rendered the evaluation of positive and negative feedback more equivalent. Additionally, post-learning oxytocin attenuated error-related negativity amplitudes but increased the late error positivity, suggesting that it may lower conflict detection between actual errors and expected correct responses at an early stage of processing but at a later stage increase error awareness and motivation for avoiding them.
Oxytocin facilitates learning and subsequent performance by rendering the impact of positive relative to negative feedback more equivalent and also by reducing conflict detection and increasing error awareness, which may be beneficial for behavioral adaption.
对动作的反馈评估和错误响应检测对于优化行为适应至关重要。催产素可以促进社会反馈后的学习，但它的作用是否会因反馈效价的不同而不同尚不清楚。
本研究旨在探讨催产素是否会对正反馈和负反馈产生不同或同等的影响。
本研究采用随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的自身对照设计，来研究鼻内给予 24IU 的催产素是否会影响到在概率学习任务中对正反馈和负反馈的行为和诱发的电生理潜能反应。
结果表明，催产素促进了学习，这种作用在没有反馈的情况下也能维持。使用新的刺激配对，我们发现催产素通过增加正强化刺激的准确性，消除了在安慰剂条件下对从负反馈中学习更多的偏见。催产素还降低了学习过程中的反馈相关负差（负反馈减去正反馈），进一步表明它使正反馈和负反馈的评价更加等同。此外，学习后的催产素降低了错误相关负差的幅度，但增加了晚期错误正波，这表明它可能会在处理的早期降低实际错误与预期正确反应之间的冲突检测，但在后期会增加对错误的意识和避免错误的动机。
催产素通过使正反馈相对于负反馈的影响更加等同，以及通过降低冲突检测和增加错误意识，促进了学习和随后的表现，这可能对行为适应有益。
