Faculty of Medicine, The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2021 Apr;32(3):535-543. doi: 10.1111/pai.13421. Epub 2020 Dec 4.
Eczema is the most common childhood skin problem worldwide. Education that enhances parental self-efficacy in carrying out appropriate eczema management is crucial to controlling eczema symptoms of their children. However, the lack of such a structured education program hinders everyday lives of eczematous children and their families. This study evaluated the effects of a self-efficacy theory-based parental eczema education program in controlling eczema of Chinese children at three months after commencement of intervention.
An assessor-blind, 2-arm, randomized controlled trial was conducted at an outpatient clinic of a regional hospital. One hundred and thirty-six Chinese children aged 3 months to 12 years with physician-diagnosed eczema, and their parents were recruited. The intervention was underpinned by the Social Cognitive Theory. Children's disease severity, parental self-efficacy, treatment adherence, and quality of life of family members were assessed by validated tools. Generalized estimating equation model was employed to compare differential change in each outcome across time between different groups.
Eczema severity of children and parental self-efficacy in the intervention group were found to show greater improvement at 3-month follow-up with regression coefficient (β) -16.98 (95% CI, -21.04 to -12.92; P < .001) and β 29.39 (95% CI, 22.64-36.14; P < .001), respectively. Nearly all parents (97%) receiving the intervention rated this program as useful and helpful.
This program is effective in enhancing parents' self-efficacy in managing their children's eczema and improving their adherence to eczema treatment and quality of life.
湿疹是全世界最常见的儿童皮肤问题。提高父母在实施适当湿疹管理方面的自我效能感的教育对于控制其子女的湿疹症状至关重要。然而，缺乏这样一个结构化的教育计划会妨碍患有湿疹的儿童及其家庭的日常生活。本研究评估了基于自我效能理论的父母湿疹教育计划对控制中国儿童湿疹的影响，该计划在干预开始后三个月评估儿童的湿疹情况。
在一家地区医院的门诊进行了一项评估员盲法、2 臂、随机对照试验。共招募了 136 名年龄在 3 个月至 12 岁之间、经医生诊断为湿疹的中国儿童及其父母。该干预措施以社会认知理论为基础。通过验证工具评估儿童疾病严重程度、父母自我效能感、治疗依从性和家庭成员的生活质量。采用广义估计方程模型比较不同组间各结局在不同时间的差异变化。
干预组儿童的湿疹严重程度和父母的自我效能感在 3 个月随访时发现有更大的改善，回归系数（β）分别为-16.98（95%CI，-21.04 至-12.92；P<.001）和 29.39（95%CI，22.64-36.14；P<.001）。几乎所有接受干预的父母（97%）都认为该计划有用和有帮助。
该计划在提高父母管理子女湿疹的自我效能感、改善其对湿疹治疗的依从性和生活质量方面是有效的。
