Pak J Biol Sci. 2020 Jan;23(12):1523-1529. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2020.1523.1529.
Ocimum gratissimum (OG) has been used in ethnopharmacology for the treatment of diabetes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Ocimum gratissimum leaf-extract on hematological indices and lipid profile of Streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats.
Twenty-four rats weighing 100-160 g were randomly assigned to four treatment groups, the normal and diabetic controls, received a placebo treatment, while groups three and four were administered glibenclamide and OG leaf-extract (400 mg kg-1 b.wt.), respectively. The extracts were administered twice daily for 28 days. The rats were sacrificed and whole blood was collected for hematological and serum lipid profile assays. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA.
Diabetes induction resulted in decreases (p<0.05) in Red Blood Cell (RBC), Hemoglobin (Hb), White Blood Cell (WBC) and increases in Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin and Blood platelets compared to the normal control. Treatment with O. gratissimum extract reversed RBC (7.74±0.39 μL), WBC (16.57±3.02) and Platelet (804.33±194.02) levels, but not Hb, towards normal levels (7.99±0.04, 11.27±0.69, 839.67±10.17 respectively). Diabetes induction also resulted in increases (p<0.05) in Triglyceride (TG) and Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL), decreases (p<0.05) in High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) compared to normal control with no significant change in Total Cholesterol (TC). After administration with Ocimum gratissimum TC, LDL and VLDL and HDL levels were significantly (p<0.05) reduced relative to the diabetic control. TG was however increased relative to the diabetic control.
Overall, data suggests the plant holds great potential in amelioration of diabetes-induced dyslipidemia and hematological disorders.
奥罗莫氏香叶（OG）在民族药理学中被用于治疗糖尿病。本研究旨在评估奥罗莫氏香叶叶提取物对链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病 Wistar 大鼠血液学指标和血脂谱的影响。
24 只体重为 100-160 g 的大鼠被随机分为四组，正常对照组和糖尿病对照组给予安慰剂治疗，第 3 组和第 4 组分别给予格列本脲和 OG 叶提取物（400 mg kg-1 b.wt.）。提取物每日两次给药 28 天。处死大鼠，采集全血进行血液学和血清脂质谱分析。数据采用单因素方差分析进行分析。
糖尿病诱导导致红细胞（RBC）、血红蛋白（Hb）、白细胞（WBC）减少，平均红细胞血红蛋白和血小板增加，与正常对照组相比（p<0.05）。OG 提取物治疗可使 RBC（7.74±0.39 μL）、WBC（16.57±3.02）和血小板（804.33±194.02）水平恢复正常（分别为 7.99±0.04、11.27±0.69 和 839.67±10.17），但 Hb 水平无明显变化（7.99±0.04）。糖尿病诱导还导致甘油三酯（TG）和极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）增加（p<0.05），高密度脂蛋白（HDL）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）减少（p<0.05），与正常对照组相比，总胆固醇（TC）无显著变化。奥罗莫氏香叶提取物给药后，TC、LDL 和 VLDL 以及 HDL 水平与糖尿病对照组相比显著降低（p<0.05）。然而，TG 水平相对糖尿病对照组升高。
总体而言，数据表明该植物在改善糖尿病引起的血脂异常和血液学紊乱方面具有很大的潜力。
