Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Particle Technology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Particle Technology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Taizhou Municipal Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou 318000, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2021 Jan 15;167:457-469. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.215. Epub 2020 Dec 2.
Micro/nanomotors (MNMs), both self-propelled actuators and external fields-promoted machines, have joined forces in the past decade to accomplish versatile tasks such as precise detection and targeted cargo delivery with adequate propulsion and desirable locomotion. Amongst, enzyme-driven MNMs have been able to differentiate themselves from others owing to their distinct characteristics, such as absence of chemical fuel, enhanced cellular uptake and the possibility to be easily conjugated with many therapeutics, including both small molecules and biologics, displaying superior efficacy, enhanced specificity and diminished side effects. In the present review, we aim to highlight and summarize recent advances in enzyme-driven MNMs, particularly to provide an in-depth discussion focusing on the enzyme linking approaches onto those MNMs and motion control strategies of such MNMs with advantages and limitations thereof. Conclusions and future perspectives are also provided in brief.
微/纳米马达（MNMs），无论是自推进执行器还是外部场驱动的机器，在过去十年中都联手完成了各种任务，例如通过足够的推进力和理想的运动来进行精确的检测和靶向货物输送。其中，酶驱动的 MNMs 由于其独特的特性，例如没有化学燃料、增强的细胞摄取以及与许多治疗剂（包括小分子和生物制剂）容易结合的可能性，已经能够与其他 MNMs 区分开来，显示出更好的疗效、增强的特异性和减少的副作用。在本综述中，我们旨在强调和总结酶驱动 MNMs 的最新进展，特别是提供深入的讨论，重点关注将酶连接到这些 MNMs 上的方法以及这些 MNMs 的运动控制策略，以及它们的优缺点。我们还简要地给出了结论和未来展望。
