School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Victoria, Australia.
NorthWestern Mental Health, Melbourne Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2021 Jun;30(3):624-634. doi: 10.1111/inm.12823. Epub 2020 Dec 5.
Mental health nursing is widely recognized as a stressful occupation; however, little is known about the relationship between work-related stress and health-related quality of life of mental health nurses (MHN). This study aimed to identify MHN health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) and work-related stressors; associations between stressors and HR-QoL; and predictors of HR-QoL. An online cross-sectional survey collected demographic data, work-related stressors and HR-QoL (SF-12v2) of n = 498 Australian MHN. Prominent consumer/carer-related stressors were verbal (90%) and physical aggression (85%). Collegial stressors included staff conflict (71%) and bullying (55%), and colleague-perpetrated verbal (34%) and physical aggression (7%). Key organizational stressors included high workloads (74%), lack of organizational support (60%) and lack of adequate resources to perform nursing role (58%). The mean physical health score was 52.62 (SD = 8.30), and mental health score was 43.59 (SD = 11.34), with mental health substantially lower than national norms (mean difference = 10.11). There were statistically significant negative correlations between the number of work-related stressors and HR-QoL. Younger (21-30 years) and less experienced (<1-4 years) MHN had substantially lower mental health. Higher mental health was predicted with < 15 stressors, >4 years' experience and working in the community. The poorer mental health of MHN has concerning implications for the well-being, retention and practice of the largest group in the mental health workforce. There is a critical need for organizations to enact effective policy and initiatives to reduce workplace aggression, improve staff psychological and physical safety, and strengthen well-being and resilience. New graduates are a priority group for urgent intervention.
精神科护理被广泛认为是一种压力大的职业；然而，人们对精神科护士（MHN）的工作相关压力与健康相关生活质量之间的关系知之甚少。本研究旨在确定 MHN 的健康相关生活质量（HR-QoL）和工作相关压力源；压力源与 HR-QoL 之间的关联；以及 HR-QoL 的预测因素。一项在线横断面调查收集了 n=498 名澳大利亚 MHN 的人口统计学数据、工作相关压力源和 HR-QoL（SF-12v2）。突出的消费者/照顾者相关压力源包括言语（90%）和身体攻击（85%）。同事相关压力源包括员工冲突（71%）和欺凌（55%），同事造成的言语（34%）和身体攻击（7%）。主要组织压力源包括工作量大（74%）、缺乏组织支持（60%）和缺乏履行护理角色的足够资源（58%）。身体健康评分的平均值为 52.62（SD=8.30），心理健康评分为 43.59（SD=11.34），心理健康显著低于全国平均水平（平均差异=10.11）。工作相关压力源的数量与 HR-QoL 呈显著负相关。年龄较小（21-30 岁）和经验较少（<1-4 年）的 MHN 的心理健康状况明显较低。压力源<15 个、经验>4 年和在社区工作与较高的心理健康相关。MHN 较差的心理健康状况对其福利、保留和实践产生了令人担忧的影响，这是精神卫生劳动力中最大的群体。组织迫切需要采取有效的政策和举措来减少工作场所的侵犯行为，提高员工的心理和身体安全，并加强福利和恢复力。应届毕业生是急需干预的优先群体。
