Department of Nursing, Hyogo Medical University, Kobe, Japan
Hyogo Prefecture-Hyogo Mental Health Center, Kobe, Japan.
BMJ Open. 2024 Apr 29;14(4):e081941. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081941.
Work engagement is an essential factor in improving employee performance. However, no reviews on the work engagement of psychiatric nurses have been conducted to date. This study aimed to examine the current status of research on the work engagement of psychiatric nurses and identify salient factors.
A scoping review.
This review adhered to the established scoping review methodological guidelines and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews checklist. The inclusion criteria were based on nurses, work engagement and psychiatric settings without language or date restrictions. Regardless of the methodology or study design, research studies related to the work engagement of psychiatric nurses have been included. A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycINFO from the inception of each database, with the search strategies being set by an information specialist. The deadline for the search was 15 February 2023.
The study included 12 studies. All studies have been published since 2013. The study designs included cross-sectional (n=10), longitudinal (n=1) and intervention (n=1) studies. The impacts of work engagement were classified into (1) attitudes towards patients, (2) attitudes towards work, (3) mental health and (4) quality of care. Factors influencing work engagement were classified into (1) demographics, (2) workplace factors, (3) individual factors and (4) patient factors.
Work engagement of psychiatric nurses has lately gained attention, although data are limited because most studies used a cross-sectional design. Psychiatric nurses with higher work engagement showed positive outcomes. Workplace and individual factors can potentially improve their work engagement. The findings can assist nursing managers in enhancing psychiatric nurses' work engagement and, consequently, their performance.
工作投入是提高员工绩效的一个重要因素。然而，迄今为止，还没有关于精神科护士工作投入的综述。本研究旨在调查精神科护士工作投入的研究现状，并确定显著因素。
范围综述。
本综述遵循既定的范围综述方法学指南和系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目用于范围综述清单。纳入标准基于护士、工作投入和精神科环境，无语言或日期限制。无论方法或研究设计如何，只要与精神科护士工作投入相关的研究都被纳入。系统检索了 MEDLINE、CINAHL 和 PsycINFO 数据库，每个数据库的检索起点均为建库之初，检索策略由信息专家制定。检索截止日期为 2023 年 2 月 15 日。
本研究共纳入 12 项研究。所有研究均发表于 2013 年以后。研究设计包括横断面研究（n=10）、纵向研究（n=1）和干预研究（n=1）。工作投入的影响可分为（1）对患者的态度，（2）对工作的态度，（3）心理健康和（4）护理质量。影响工作投入的因素可分为（1）人口统计学因素，（2）工作场所因素，（3）个体因素和（4）患者因素。
精神科护士的工作投入最近引起了关注，尽管由于大多数研究采用横断面设计，数据有限。工作投入较高的精神科护士表现出积极的结果。工作场所和个体因素可能会提高他们的工作投入。研究结果可以帮助护理管理人员提高精神科护士的工作投入，进而提高他们的绩效。
