Bitar Deema, Walton Lori Maria, Schbley Bassima, Mohamed Maha Ehab, Adel Mennatallah
Department of Physiotherapy, University of Sharjah: Sharjah, Non-US 00000, United Arab Emirates.
Social Work, Washburn University, USA.
J Phys Ther Sci. 2020 Nov;32(11):698-705. doi: 10.1589/jpts.32.698. Epub 2020 Nov 11.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study to measure four components of executive function: (1) cognitive flexibility, (2) inhibition, (3) working memory and (4) processing speed, along with the ability to dual task in recreational athletes. [Participants and Methods] This was a cross-sectional study of (n=102) male and female participants, between the ages of 18-40 years of age across different levels and types of sport related physical activity. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), short version, Dual Task Abilities (DTA) were measured utilizing a quantitative, dual task, gait test and Executive Function (EF) was measured through Stroop Color Word Test and Trail Making Test. [Results] Differences in EF and Dual Task-Interference (DTI) in recreational athletes did not show a significant difference between varying types of sport and level of sport related activity, with reported values high across all groups. Males reported better dual task interference abilities than females, though there were no significant differences in executive function between males and females. Executive function performance was the highest among the age group (18-24 years) population, but there were no significant differences between those in the higher age groups (25-34 years) and (35-40 years). [Conclusion] Overall, those participating in the study exhibited high prevalence of strong EF ability, regardless of sport activity type or level. This may suggest that type and level of sport activity may not be important when considering executive function performance maintenance for recreational athletes.
[目的] 本研究旨在测量执行功能的四个组成部分:(1)认知灵活性,(2)抑制能力,(3)工作记忆和(4)处理速度,以及休闲运动员的双重任务能力。[参与者与方法] 这是一项横断面研究,研究对象为102名年龄在18至40岁之间、参与不同水平和类型的与运动相关体育活动的男性和女性参与者。使用国际体力活动问卷(IPAQ)简版、双重任务能力(DTA)通过定量双重任务步态测试进行测量,执行功能(EF)通过斯特鲁普颜色词测试和连线测验进行测量。[结果] 休闲运动员在执行功能和双重任务干扰(DTI)方面的差异在不同类型的运动和与运动相关活动的水平之间未显示出显著差异,所有组的报告值都很高。男性报告的双重任务干扰能力优于女性,尽管男性和女性在执行功能方面没有显著差异。执行功能表现在年龄组(18 - 24岁)人群中最高,但在较高年龄组(25 - 34岁)和(35 - 40岁)之间没有显著差异。[结论] 总体而言,参与研究的人员无论运动活动类型或水平如何,都表现出较高的强大执行功能能力患病率。这可能表明,在考虑休闲运动员的执行功能表现维持时,运动活动的类型和水平可能并不重要。