Lakshman Rao R L, Chelimela Desham, Kakkar Rakesh, Aravindakshan Rajeev
Department of Community Medicine, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Indian J Occup Environ Med. 2020 May-Aug;24(2):78-83. doi: 10.4103/ijoem.IJOEM_235_19. Epub 2020 Aug 19.
Beedi rolling is a popular small-scale industry in Telangana which provides employment to over a million people. Beedi rolling is generally done by women sitting at home. Despite the work being labor-intensive, women continue to do it as there is no other source of livelihood. Thus, this study was carried out to understand the morbidity status, working conditions, and hygiene of women beedi workers in the rural areas of Telangana.
Descriptive, cross-sectional, community-based study was carried out from 2015 to 2016. Sample size calculated was 560 including a non-response rate of 10%. Multistage stratified sampling method was used to select the workers. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data regarding sociodemographic profile, hygiene measures, and health problems after written informed consent. Data entry and statistical analysis were done using Epi Info version 7.2.
The study population comprised of 528 women beedi workers. Mean age of study subjects was 40.8 (10.9) years. Most of them were (67%) illiterates. Awareness regarding occupational health hazards and hygienic practices was poor. A significant proportion of workers was found to have chronic diseases including musculoskeletal problems (50%), gynecological problems (31%), respiratory morbidity (27%), hypertension (25%), malnutrition (20%), and diabetes mellitus (2.65%).
Beedi workers should be given complete information about the occupational health hazards and preplacement training should be given regarding occupational safety and personal hygiene measures.
在特伦甘纳邦，卷烟制作是一项颇受欢迎的小型产业，为超过一百万人提供了就业机会。卷烟制作通常由居家妇女完成。尽管这项工作劳动强度大，但由于没有其他生计来源，妇女们仍继续从事此项工作。因此，开展了本研究以了解特伦甘纳邦农村地区卷烟女工的发病状况、工作条件和卫生情况。
2015年至2016年进行了描述性、横断面、基于社区的研究。计算得出的样本量为560，包括10%的无应答率。采用多阶段分层抽样方法选择工人。在获得书面知情同意后，使用预先测试的半结构化问卷收集有关社会人口学特征、卫生措施和健康问题的数据。使用Epi Info 7.2版本进行数据录入和统计分析。
研究人群包括528名卷烟女工。研究对象的平均年龄为40.8（10.9）岁。她们中的大多数（67%）是文盲。对职业健康危害和卫生习惯的认识较差。发现相当一部分工人患有慢性病，包括肌肉骨骼问题（50%）、妇科问题（31%）、呼吸道疾病（27%）、高血压（25%）、营养不良（20%）和糖尿病（2.65%）。
应向卷烟工人提供有关职业健康危害的完整信息，并应就职业安全和个人卫生措施提供岗前培训。
