Department of Dermatology and Venerology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Front Immunol. 2020 Nov 13;11:570888. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.570888. eCollection 2020.
Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous mycotic infection, and is one of the causative agents with a worldwide distribution, notably in Asia. However, the immune profile in human sporotrichosis caused by still remains obscure. Here, we demonstrated enhanced Th2 response in circulation with significant increases in Th2 frequency, Th2/Tregs as well as IL-4 seretion in patients. Elevated IL-17ATh17 percentage was accompanied with reduced IL-17A level in serum, which may imply a dysfunction of this CD4T subset in infection. In addition, Th2 percentage, the ratios of Th2/Tregs and Th17/Tregs were all raised in patients with fixed cutaneous form, while only Th2/Tregs displayed increment in lymphocutaneous form. Meanwhile, the percentage of double negative B cells was significantly increased and positively correlated with Th2 and Tregs in whole patients. Except naïve B cells, all memory B cells together with Th2 cells increased in patients with short duration (less than 6 months), which may suggest a collaboration of T cells with altered B cell profile in human sporotrichosis caused by . In consistent with the changes of IFN-γTh1, IL-4Th2 and IL-17ATh17 in patients with short duration, the percentages of these effector T cells all expanded when cocultured with yeast cells in vitro. These data shed light on the potential involvement of peripheral T and B cell immunity against this mycotic infection and indicated that different immune responses existed in different stages of sporotrichosis; meanwhile different immune profile may contribute to different clinical manifestations of this disease.
皮肤孢子丝菌病是一种皮下真菌感染，是一种分布广泛的病原体，尤其在亚洲。然而，人类由 引起的孢子丝菌病的免疫特征仍不清楚。在这里，我们发现在患者的循环中存在增强的 Th2 反应，表现为 Th2 频率、Th2/Tregs 以及 IL-4 的显著增加。升高的 Th17 细胞比例伴随着血清中 IL-17A 水平的降低，这可能意味着在 感染中该 CD4T 亚群的功能失调。此外，在固定性皮肤型患者中，Th2 比例、Th2/Tregs 和 Th17/Tregs 的比值均升高，而在皮肤淋巴管型患者中仅 Th2/Tregs 显示出增加。同时，双阴性 B 细胞的比例显著增加，并与所有患者的 Th2 和 Tregs 呈正相关。除了幼稚 B 细胞外，所有记忆 B 细胞与 Th2 细胞在病程较短（<6 个月）的患者中增加，这可能表明在由 引起的人类孢子丝菌病中，T 细胞与改变的 B 细胞表型之间存在协同作用。与病程较短患者中 IFN-γTh1、IL-4Th2 和 IL-17ATh17 的变化一致，当这些效应 T 细胞与体外酵母细胞共培养时，它们的百分比都扩大了。这些数据揭示了针对这种真菌感染的外周 T 和 B 细胞免疫的潜在参与，并表明孢子丝菌病的不同阶段存在不同的免疫反应；同时，不同的免疫特征可能导致该疾病的不同临床表现。
