Lee Jounghee, Sa Jaesin
Department of Food and Nutrition, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Korea.
College of Education and Health Sciences, Touro University, Vallejo, CA 94592, USA.
Nutr Res Pract. 2020 Dec;14(6):679-690. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2020.14.6.679. Epub 2020 Oct 7.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Concerns about regional disparities in heathy eating and nutritional status among South Korean adults are increasing. This study aims to identify the magnitude of regional disparities in diet and nutritional status among Korean adults who completed the 2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).
SUBJECTS/METHODS: The participants were a nationally representative sample of Korean adults aged 19 years and older from the 2017 KNHANES (n = 6,126). We employed the svy commands in STATA to accommodate the complex survey design. The relative concentration index (RCI), absolute concentration index (ACI) and index of disparity were used to measure regional nutritional inequalities.
Overweight and obese adults were more prevalent among the poor than among the rich in urban areas (RCI = -0.041; < 0.05), while overweight and obese adults were more prevalent among the rich than among the poor in rural areas of South Korea (RCI = 0.084; < 0.05). Economic inequality in fruit and vegetable intake ≥ 500 g per day was greater in rural areas than in urban areas in both relative size (RCI = 0.228 vs. 0.091, difference in equality = 0.137; < 0.05) and absolute size (ACI = 0.055 vs. 0.023, difference in equality = 0.032; < 0.05).
This study provides useful information identifying opposite directions in the relative concentration curves between urban and rural areas. Adult overweight/obesity was more prevalent among the poor in urban areas, while adult overweight/obesity was more prevalent among the rich in rural areas. Public health nutrition systems should be implemented to identify nutritional inequalities that should be targeted across regions in South Korea.
背景/目的：韩国成年人健康饮食和营养状况的地区差异问题日益受到关注。本研究旨在确定完成2017年韩国国家健康与营养检查调查（KNHANES）的韩国成年人在饮食和营养状况方面的地区差异程度。
对象/方法：参与者是来自2017年KNHANES的19岁及以上韩国成年人的全国代表性样本（n = 6,126）。我们在STATA中使用svy命令来适应复杂的调查设计。相对集中指数（RCI）、绝对集中指数（ACI）和差异指数用于衡量地区营养不平等。
在城市地区，贫困人群中超重和肥胖成年人的比例高于富裕人群（RCI = -0.041；P < 0.05），而在韩国农村地区，富裕人群中超重和肥胖成年人的比例高于贫困人群（RCI = 0.084；P < 0.05）。在每日水果和蔬菜摄入量≥500克方面，农村地区的经济不平等在相对规模（RCI = 0.228对0.091，平等差异 = 0.137；P < 0.05）和绝对规模（ACI = 0.055对0.023，平等差异 = 0.032；P < 0.05）上均大于城市地区。
本研究提供了有用信息，确定了城乡地区相对集中曲线的相反方向。城市地区贫困人群中成人超重/肥胖更为普遍，而农村地区富裕人群中成人超重/肥胖更为普遍。应实施公共卫生营养系统，以识别韩国各地区应针对的营养不平等问题。
