Ma Li-Guo, Geng Yun
Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
PeerJ. 2020 Nov 23;8:e10379. doi: 10.7717/peerj.10379. eCollection 2020.
The genus is thought to be strictly asexual. One of the possible reasons for the lack of sexuality in species is the absence of the stimulus of environmental factors. Sexual reproduction in ascomycetes is controlled by a specific region in the genome referred to as mating-type locus () that consists of two dissimilar DNA sequences in the mating partners, termed and idiomorphs. To identify the response of loci to environmental conditions, the mRNA transcription level of and genes was tested using qRT-PCR under different temperatures (-20 °C, -10 °C, 0 °C, 10 °C, 20 °C, 30 °C and 40 °C), culture medias (CM, OA, HAY, PCA, PDA and V8), photoperiods (24 h light, 24 h dark, 12 h light/12 h dark, 10 h light/14 h dark and 8 h light/16 h dark), and CO concentrations (0.03%, 0.5%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%). For obtaining reliable results from qRT-PCR, the most stable internal control gene and optimal number of reference genes for normalization were determined under different treatments. The results showed that there is no universal internal control gene that is expressed at a constant level under different experimental treatments. In comparison to various incubation conditions, the relative expression levels of both genes were significantly increased when fungal mycelia were grown on HAY culture media at 0-10 °C with a light/dark cycle, indicating that temperature, culture media, and light might be the key environmental factors for regulating the sexuality in . Moreover, and genes showed similar expression patterns under different treatments, suggesting that the two genes might play an equally important role in the sexual evolutionary process.
该属被认为严格进行无性繁殖。该物种缺乏有性生殖的一个可能原因是缺乏环境因素的刺激。子囊菌的有性生殖由基因组中一个特定区域控制，该区域称为交配型位点（MAT），交配伙伴中由两个不同的DNA序列组成，称为MAT1-1和MAT1-2特异性体。为了确定MAT位点对环境条件的反应，在不同温度（-20℃、-10℃、0℃、10℃、20℃、30℃和40℃）、培养基（CM、OA、HAY、PCA、PDA和V8）、光周期（24小时光照、24小时黑暗、12小时光照/12小时黑暗、10小时光照/14小时黑暗和8小时光照/16小时黑暗）以及CO浓度（0.03%、0.5%、1%、5%、10%、15%和20%）下，使用qRT-PCR检测MAT1-1和MAT1-2基因的mRNA转录水平。为了从qRT-PCR获得可靠结果，在不同处理下确定了最稳定的内参基因和用于标准化的最佳参考基因数量。结果表明，没有一个通用的内参基因在不同实验处理下表达水平恒定。与各种培养条件相比，当真菌菌丝体在0-10℃的HAY培养基上以光/暗周期生长时，两个MAT基因的相对表达水平显著增加，这表明温度、培养基和光照可能是调节该属有性生殖的关键环境因素。此外，MAT1-1和MAT1-2基因在不同处理下表现出相似的表达模式，表明这两个MAT基因在有性进化过程中可能发挥同等重要的作用。
