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实体器官移植受者与非实体器官移植患者的新冠住院治疗结果:一项回顾性队列研究。

Inpatient COVID-19 outcomes in solid organ transplant recipients compared to non-solid organ transplant patients: A retrospective cohort.

作者信息

Avery Robin K, Chiang Teresa Po-Yu, Marr Kieren A, Brennan Daniel C, Sait Afrah S, Garibaldi Brian T, Shah Pali, Ostrander Darin, Steinke Seema Mehta, Permpalung Nitipong, Cochran Willa, Makary Martin A, Garonzik-Wang Jacqueline, Segev Dorry L, Massie Allan B

机构信息

Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

出版信息

Am J Transplant. 2021 Jul;21(7):2498-2508. doi: 10.1111/ajt.16431. Epub 2021 Feb 21.

Abstract

Immunosuppression and comorbidities might place solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients at higher risk from COVID-19, as suggested by recent case series. We compared 45 SOT vs. 2427 non-SOT patients who were admitted with COVID-19 to our health-care system (March 1, 2020 - August 21, 2020), evaluating hospital length-of-stay and inpatient mortality using competing-risks regression. We compared trajectories of WHO COVID-19 severity scale using mixed-effects ordinal logistic regression, adjusting for severity score at admission. SOT and non-SOT patients had comparable age, sex, and race, but SOT recipients were more likely to have diabetes (60% vs. 34%, p < .001), hypertension (69% vs. 44%, p = .001), HIV (7% vs. 1.4%, p = .024), and peripheral vascular disorders (19% vs. 8%, p = .018). There were no statistically significant differences between SOT and non-SOT in maximum illness severity score (p = .13), length-of-stay (sHR: 1.1 , p = .5), or mortality (sHR: 0.4 , p = .19), although the severity score on admission was slightly lower for SOT (median [IQR] 3 [3, 4]) than for non-SOT (median [IQR] 4 [3-4]) (p = .042) Despite a higher risk profile, SOT recipients had a faster decline in disease severity over time (OR = 0.81 , p < .001) compared with non-SOT patients. These findings have implications for transplant decision-making during the COVID-19 pandemic, and insights about the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on immunosuppressed patients.

摘要

近期的病例系列研究表明,免疫抑制和合并症可能使实体器官移植(SOT)受者感染新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的风险更高。我们比较了45例因COVID-19入住我们医疗系统的SOT患者与2427例非SOT患者(2020年3月1日至2020年8月21日),使用竞争风险回归评估住院时间和住院死亡率。我们使用混合效应有序逻辑回归比较了世界卫生组织(WHO)COVID-19严重程度量表的轨迹,并对入院时的严重程度评分进行了调整。SOT患者和非SOT患者在年龄、性别和种族方面具有可比性,但SOT受者更有可能患有糖尿病(60%对34%,p <.001)、高血压(69%对44%,p =.001)、艾滋病毒(7%对1.4%,p =.024)和外周血管疾病(19%对8%,p =.018)。SOT患者和非SOT患者在最大疾病严重程度评分(p =.13)、住院时间(sHR:1.1,p =.5)或死亡率(sHR:0.4,p =.19)方面没有统计学上的显著差异,尽管SOT患者入院时的严重程度评分略低于非SOT患者(中位数[四分位间距]3[3,4]),而非SOT患者为中位数[四分位间距]4[3 - 4])(p =.042)。尽管风险更高,但与非SOT患者相比,SOT受者疾病严重程度随时间的下降更快(OR = 0.81,p <.001)。这些发现对COVID-19大流行期间的移植决策具有启示意义,并为严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)对免疫抑制患者的影响提供了见解。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/708c/9800757/89d17013d186/gr1_lrg.jpg

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