Khrennikov Andrei
International Center for Mathematical Modeling in Physics and Cognitive Sciences, Linnaeus University, SE-351 95 Växjö, Sweden.
Entropy (Basel). 2020 May 17;22(5):559. doi: 10.3390/e22050559.
During recent years our society has often been exposed to coherent information waves of high amplitudes. These are waves of huge social energy. Often they are of destructive character, a kind of information tsunami. However, they can also carry positive improvements in human society, as waves of decision-making matching rational recommendations of societal institutes. The main distinguishing features of these waves are their high amplitude, coherence (homogeneous character of social actions generated by them), and short time needed for their generation and relaxation. Such waves can be treated as large-scale exhibitions of the bandwagon effect. We show that this socio-psychic phenomenon can be modeled based on the recently developed social laser theory. This theory can be used to model stimulated amplification of coherent social actions. "Actions" are treated very generally, from mass protests to votes and other collective decisions, such as, e.g., acceptance (often unconscious) of some societal recommendations. In this paper, we concentrate on the theory of laser resonators, physical vs. social. For the latter, we analyze in detail the functioning of Internet-based echo chambers. Their main purpose is increasing of the power of the quantum information field as well as its coherence. Of course, the bandwagon effect is well known and well studied in social psychology. However, social laser theory gives the possibility to model it by using general formalism of quantum field theory. The paper contains the minimum of mathematics and it can be read by researchers working in psychological, cognitive, social, and political sciences; it might also be interesting for experts in information theory and artificial intelligence.
近年来，我们的社会常常受到高振幅相干信息波的冲击。这些是具有巨大社会能量的波。它们往往具有破坏性，是一种信息海啸。然而，它们也可以带来人类社会的积极进步，比如与社会机构的合理建议相匹配的决策浪潮。这些波的主要显著特征是其高振幅、相干性（由它们产生的社会行动的同质性）以及产生和消退所需的短时间。这种波可以被视为从众效应的大规模表现。我们表明，这种社会心理现象可以基于最近发展的社会激光理论进行建模。该理论可用于对相干社会行动的受激放大进行建模。“行动”的定义非常宽泛，从大规模抗议到投票以及其他集体决策，例如对某些社会建议的接受（通常是无意识的）。在本文中，我们专注于激光谐振器理论，包括物理的和社会的。对于后者，我们详细分析了基于互联网的回音室的运作。它们的主要目的是增强量子信息场的功率及其相干性。当然，从众效应在社会心理学中是广为人知且研究充分的。然而，社会激光理论提供了利用量子场论的一般形式对其进行建模的可能性。本文包含的数学内容最少，心理学、认知科学、社会科学和政治科学领域的研究人员都可以阅读；信息论和人工智能领域的专家可能也会感兴趣。
