Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Queenscliff, VIC, 3225, Australia.
Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A2, Canada.
Nat Commun. 2020 Dec 7;11(1):6253. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19958-5.
Domesticator-domesticate relationships are specialized mutualisms where one species provides multigenerational support to another in exchange for a resource or service, and through which both partners gain an advantage over individuals outside the relationship. While this ecological innovation has profoundly reshaped the world's landscapes and biodiversity, the ecological circumstances that facilitate domestication remain uncertain. Here, we show that longfin damselfish (Stegastes diencaeus) aggressively defend algae farms on which they feed, and this protective refuge selects a domesticator-domesticate relationship with planktonic mysid shrimps (Mysidium integrum). Mysids passively excrete nutrients onto farms, which is associated with enriched algal composition, and damselfish that host mysids exhibit better body condition compared to those without. Our results suggest that the refuge damselfish create as a byproduct of algal tending and the mutual habituation that damselfish and mysids exhibit towards one another were instrumental in subsequent mysid domestication. These results are consistent with domestication via the commensal pathway, by which many common examples of animal domestication are hypothesized to have evolved.
家养-驯化关系是一种特殊的共生关系，其中一个物种为另一个物种提供多代支持，以换取资源或服务，通过这种关系，两个合作伙伴都比关系之外的个体获得优势。虽然这种生态创新深刻地重塑了世界的景观和生物多样性，但促进驯化的生态环境仍然不确定。在这里，我们表明，长鳍雀鲷（Stegastes diencaeus）积极保护它们赖以生存的藻类养殖场，这种保护性避难所选择了与浮游介形类虾（Mysidium integrum）的家养-驯化关系。介形类虾被动地将营养物质排泄到养殖场，这与藻类组成的丰富有关，而有介形类虾的雀鲷比没有介形类虾的雀鲷表现出更好的身体状况。我们的结果表明，雀鲷作为藻类养殖的副产品而创造的避难所，以及雀鲷和介形类虾彼此之间表现出的相互习惯化，是随后介形类虾驯化的关键。这些结果与通过共生物种途径进行驯化的观点一致，许多常见的动物驯化例子都被认为是通过这种途径进化而来的。
