Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada.
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2021 Apr;18(4):230-242. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2020.2834. Epub 2020 Dec 7.
cause gastroenteritis in humans and may be shed in the feces of livestock and poultry species, including cattle, chicken, turkey, and swine. However, a synthesis of the prevalence on farms in the United States and Canada is currently lacking. Thus, our objective was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of , , and spp. on livestock and poultry farms operated under commercial conditions in the United States and Canada. The relevant literature was identified and examined for eligibility based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Relevant data were extracted, and a meta-analysis was performed. The data were transformed using the Freeman-Tukey arcsine transformation to stabilize the variance. A separate meta-analysis was performed for each animal species, level of sampling (individual versus pooled), and species of , for a total of 29 meta-analyses. and spp. were present in all livestock and poultry species of interest, whereas was found in all species of interest with the exception of chickens. Furthermore, substantial heterogeneity was observed in most meta-analyses. In an attempt to account for this, subgroup analyses were performed on potential moderators. However, with the exception of beef cattle, where studies in feedlot cattle reported a consistently higher prevalence compared with adult cattle on pasture, significant heterogeneity remained in the majority of meta-analyses after accounting for potential moderators. The results of this review can be used to inform future risk assessment, consumer and producer awareness, and resource allocation, and identify gaps for future research.
导致人类肠胃炎，并且可能在包括牛、鸡、火鸡和猪在内的牲畜和家禽的粪便中排出。然而，目前缺乏对美国和加拿大农场流行情况的综合分析。因此，我们的目的是进行系统评价和荟萃分析，以估计在美国和加拿大商业条件下运营的牲畜和家禽农场中 、 和 spp. 的流行率。根据纳入和排除标准确定并检查了相关文献的资格。提取了相关数据，并进行了荟萃分析。使用 Freeman-Tukey 反正弦变换转换数据以稳定方差。针对每种动物物种、采样水平（个体与混合）和 ，进行了单独的荟萃分析，共进行了 29 项荟萃分析。 和 spp. 存在于所有感兴趣的牲畜和家禽物种中，而 除了鸡以外，在所有感兴趣的物种中都有发现。此外，大多数荟萃分析中观察到了大量的异质性。为了解决这个问题，我们对潜在的调节因素进行了亚组分析。然而，除了牛只在饲养场中报告的患病率始终高于放牧牛只的牛只外，在考虑了潜在的调节因素后，大多数荟萃分析仍然存在显著的异质性。本综述的结果可用于为未来的风险评估、消费者和生产者意识以及资源分配提供信息，并确定未来研究的差距。
