Body-Mounted Vibrotactile Stimuli: Simultaneous Display of Taps on the Fingertips and Forearm.

In this article, we present a body-mounted tactile display to deliver haptic feedback to the forearm and user-initiated haptic feedback to the fingertips. The display mounts two vibrotactile actuators on the forearm, leaving the user's hands free for manipulation tasks when the hands are not interacting with the tactile display, while also exploiting the tactile sensitivity of the fingertips when needed. We test the effectiveness of the display using paired vibrotactile taps sensed through the forearm and the fingertips, either separately or simultaneously. We measure the ability of participants to identify the vibrotactile taps. The results show that mounting the device on the forearm, so that the participant touches the forearm-mounted device with their fingertips receiving feedback to both locations simultaneously, decreases performance relative to mounting on the fingertips unless large amplitudes are used. We also test the accuracy with which participants identified different numbers of vibration taps (4, 8, 16, and 25 signals). The results show that as the number of signals changes, participant accuracy is not different when stimulating the fingertips alone compared to stimulating the fingertips and forearm together. We conclude with an example of a portable and wearable vibration display, and discuss future use cases of such a display.