Basran G S, Ramasubramanian R, Verma R
City Hospital, Nottingham.
Br J Dis Chest. 1987 Oct;81(4):326-31. doi: 10.1016/0007-0971(87)90180-x.
Acute pancreatitis has an incidence of approximately 50 cases per million of the United Kingdom population and a mortality of 10-18%. Intrathoracic complications have been implicated as the major factor in 22-29% and a contributing factor in a further 29-39% of all deaths. Sixty per cent of deaths occur in the first week of hospital admission and in these the pleuropulmonary complication rate is 94%. In the survivors there is little residual lung damage and the recovery of the pulmonary function is invariably complete. Knowledge of the pleuropulmonary complications of acute pancreatitis may aid with the identification of high risk groups so that supportive measures (including mechanical ventilation) can be implemented early in the course of the illness. This article reviews the major intrathoracic complications of acute pancreatitis (Fig. 1) under the broad headings of: 1. pleural effusion 2. acute pulmonary dysfunction (a) hypoxaemia without pulmonary infiltrates (b) hypoxaemia with pulmonary infiltrates (including the adult respiratory distress syndrome; ARDS).
急性胰腺炎在英国的发病率约为每百万人口50例，死亡率为10% - 18%。胸腔内并发症被认为是22% - 29%的死亡主要因素，在另外29% - 39%的死亡中是一个促成因素。60%的死亡发生在入院后的第一周，在这些病例中，胸膜肺部并发症发生率为94%。在幸存者中，几乎没有残留的肺损伤，肺功能总是完全恢复。了解急性胰腺炎的胸膜肺部并发症可能有助于识别高危人群，以便在疾病过程早期实施支持措施（包括机械通气）。本文在以下宽泛标题下综述急性胰腺炎的主要胸腔内并发症（图1）：1. 胸腔积液；2. 急性肺功能障碍（a）无肺部浸润的低氧血症（b）有肺部浸润的低氧血症（包括成人呼吸窘迫综合征；ARDS）。
