Schaefer Jürgen R, von Hirschhausen Eckart
Dr. Pohl Stiftungsprofessur, Zentrum für unerkannte und seltene Erkrankungen, Universitätsklinikum Marburg, Philipps Universität Marburg, Baldingerstr. 1, 35033, Marburg, Deutschland.
Institut für Geschichte der Medizin, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Gießen, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2021 Jan;64(1):21-27. doi: 10.1007/s00103-020-03259-9. Epub 2020 Dec 9.
People with complex and rare diseases often have a difficult time in our health system. It can take years to reach a diagnosis and there is often no suitable therapy. Rare diseases are anything but rare among patients: around 4 million people are affected in Germany alone. Nevertheless, rare diseases can often only be diagnosed when they are well enough known and the population is made aware of their existence-this applies to both laypeople and medical professionals. The rather unusual form of imparting knowledge via entertainment television can make an important contribution to disseminate medical knowledge and to raise awareness of medical topics. In specific cases, entertainment television can help to diagnose rare diseases or encourage laypeople to take lifesaving measures, which we try to illustrate in this paper.Series and quiz shows reach more viewers than traditional health programs. They have also proven to be exceptionally effective in student teaching. Since the narrative form focuses on cheering and guessing, instead of simply conveying facts, the medical topics become more emotionally anchored memories and easier to recall. Entertainment television thus offers an innovative approach to increase the health literacy of the population-a potential that could be used more intensively in Germany.
患有复杂和罕见疾病的人在我们的医疗体系中往往面临困难。可能需要数年时间才能确诊,而且通常没有合适的治疗方法。罕见疾病在患者中并不罕见:仅在德国就有大约400万人受到影响。然而,罕见疾病往往只有在人们对其有足够了解并让公众意识到其存在时才能被诊断出来——这适用于普通大众和医疗专业人员。通过娱乐电视这种颇为独特的知识传播形式,能够为传播医学知识和提高对医学话题的认识做出重要贡献。在特定情况下,娱乐电视有助于诊断罕见疾病或鼓励普通大众采取救生措施,我们将在本文中对此加以说明。连续剧和益智节目比传统健康节目拥有更多观众。它们在学生教学中也已证明具有非凡的效果。由于叙事形式侧重于喝彩和猜测,而非简单地传达事实,医学话题便成为更具情感依托的记忆,且更容易被记住。因此,娱乐电视提供了一种提高公众健康素养的创新方法——这一潜力在德国可以得到更充分的利用。