Klinik Landstraße, Juchgasse 25, 1030, Vienna, Austria.
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Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2021 Aug;133(15-16):790-801. doi: 10.1007/s00508-020-01782-y. Epub 2020 Dec 9.
The therapeutic effects of music have been known for thousands of years. Recently, studies with music interventions in patients with cardiovascular diseases yielded controversial results. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the effects of receptive music intervention on the cardiovascular system.
We searched in PubMed, SCOPUS and CENTRAL for publications between January 1980 and May 2018. Primary endpoints were heart rate, heart rate variability and blood pressure. Secondary endpoints comprised respiratory rate, anxiety and pain. The quality of the studies was assessed by using the CONSORT statement and the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. A meta-analysis and subgroup analyses concerning music style, gender and region were planned.
A total of 29 studies comprising 2579 patients were included and 18 studies with 1758 patients investigated the effect of music on patients undergoing coronary angiography or open heart surgery. Other studies applied music to children with congenital heart diseases, pregnant women with hypertension or patients with unstable angina. Due to high methodological study heterogeneity, a meta-analysis was not performed. The study quality was assessed as medium to low. In ten studies with higher quality comprising 1054 patients, music intervention was not associated with significant changes in the cardiovascular endpoints compared to the control group. The subgroup analyses did not demonstrate any relevant results.
Currently no definite effect of receptive music intervention on the cardiovascular system can be verified. Further research is needed to assess music as an inexpensive and easy applicable form of therapy.
音乐的治疗效果已经被人们认识了几千年。最近，对心血管疾病患者进行音乐干预的研究结果存在争议。本综述的目的是提供一个关于接受性音乐干预对心血管系统影响的概述。
我们在 PubMed、SCOPUS 和 CENTRAL 中检索了 1980 年 1 月至 2018 年 5 月期间的出版物。主要终点是心率、心率变异性和血压。次要终点包括呼吸频率、焦虑和疼痛。使用 CONSORT 声明和 Cochrane 偏倚风险评估工具评估研究质量。计划进行音乐风格、性别和地区的亚组分析以及荟萃分析。
共纳入 29 项研究，包括 2579 例患者，其中 18 项研究（共 1758 例患者）调查了音乐对接受冠状动脉造影或心脏直视手术的患者的影响。其他研究则将音乐应用于患有先天性心脏病的儿童、患有高血压的孕妇或不稳定型心绞痛患者。由于研究方法学的高度异质性，未进行荟萃分析。研究质量评估为中低等。在 10 项高质量研究（共 1054 例患者）中，与对照组相比，音乐干预与心血管终点的显著变化无关。亚组分析未显示出任何相关结果。
目前还不能确定接受性音乐干预对心血管系统的明确影响。需要进一步研究评估音乐作为一种廉价且易于应用的治疗形式。
