School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
Chemosphere. 2021 Jan;263:128297. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128297. Epub 2020 Sep 14.
Corona virus is highly uncertain and complex in space and time. Atmospheric parameters such as type of pollutants and local weather play an important role in COVID-19 cases and mortality. Many studies were carried out to understand the impact of weather on spread and severity of COVID-19 and vice-versa. A review study is conducted to understand the impact of weather and atmospheric pollution on morbidity and mortality. Studies show that aerosols containing corona virus generated by sneezes and coughs are major route for spread of virus. Viability and virulence of SARS-CoV-2 stuck on the surface of particulate matter is not yet confirmed. Studies found that an increase in particulate matter concentration causes more COVID-19 cases and mortality. Gaseous pollutant and COVID-19 cases are positively correlated. Local meteorology plays crucial role in the spread of corona virus and thus mortality. Decline in number of cases with rising temperature observed. Few studies also find that lowest and highest temperatures were related to lesser number of cases. Similarly humidity shows negative or no relationship with COVID-19 cases. Rainfall was not related whilst wind-speed plays positive role in spread of COVID-19. Solar radiation threats survival of virus, areas with lower solar radiation showed high exposure rate. Air quality tremendously improved during lockdown. A significant reduction in PM10, PM2.5, BC, NOx, SO, CO and VOCs concentration were observed. Lockdown had a healing effect on ozone; significant increase in its concentration was observed. Aerosols Optical Depths were found to decrease up to 50%.
冠状病毒在时空上具有高度的不确定性和复杂性。大气参数，如污染物类型和当地天气，对 COVID-19 病例和死亡率起着重要作用。许多研究旨在了解天气对 COVID-19 传播和严重程度的影响，反之亦然。本综述研究旨在了解天气和大气污染对发病率和死亡率的影响。研究表明，打喷嚏和咳嗽产生的含有冠状病毒的气溶胶是病毒传播的主要途径。附着在颗粒物表面的 SARS-CoV-2 的存活能力和毒力尚未得到证实。研究发现，颗粒物浓度的增加会导致更多的 COVID-19 病例和死亡。气态污染物与 COVID-19 病例呈正相关。当地气象在冠状病毒的传播和死亡率方面起着至关重要的作用。随着温度的升高，病例数量下降。少数研究还发现，最低温和最高温与病例数量较少有关。同样，湿度与 COVID-19 病例呈负相关或无相关性。降雨没有相关性，而风速在 COVID-19 的传播中发挥了积极作用。太阳辐射威胁病毒的生存，太阳辐射较低的地区暴露率较高。空气质量在封锁期间得到了极大改善。观察到 PM10、PM2.5、BC、NOx、SO、CO 和 VOCs 浓度显著降低。封锁对臭氧有治疗作用，其浓度显著增加。气溶胶光学深度发现降低了高达 50%。
