Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5281, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
BMC Oral Health. 2020 Dec 9;20(1):357. doi: 10.1186/s12903-020-01351-9.
In this cross-sectional study we investigated the oral mucosal changes in a middle-aged Finnish population. We analyzed the prevalence of potentially malignant disorders and the influence of smoking, snuff and alcohol use on the mucosal changes.
Of the 12,068 members of the NFBC 1966, a total of 1961 participants (16.2%) constituted the study population. Mucosal changes were diagnosed and photographed by seven general dentists, and two specialists re-analyzed all the diagnoses based on the documentation Cross-tabulation with Chi-square tests and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data.
Of the participants, 10.5% had some mucosal changes, of which 81.8% were diagnosed as oral mucosal lesions (OML) and 18.2% as normal variations. Of the normal variations, the most common were Fordyce granules (1.2%), fissured tongue (1.1%) and geographic tongue (0.9%). The most common OMLs were white lesions (6.5%), of which oral lichen planus (OLP) and lichenoid reactions (OLR), grouped as oral lichenoid diseases, were present in 3.5%, males more often (3.8% vs. 3.1%). OLP was found in 1.5% of all participants, females more often (1.8% vs. 1.2%), while OLR was more common in males (2.7% vs. 1.3%). Leukoplakia was identified in 0.5% of the population; twice more often in males (0.6% vs. 0.3%). Erythroplakia was not found. Current smokers had higher risk for oral mucosal changes than former or non-smokers (OR 3.0, 95% CI 2.11-4.28), and snuff, used occasionally or regularly, also raised the risk (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.48-4.70).
In the middle-aged northern Finland population, 4% of OMLs were potentially malignant disorders, including OLR (2%), OLP (1.5%) and leukoplakia (0.5%). In particular, smoking and snuff use increased the risk for having any oral mucosa changes.
本横断面研究旨在调查芬兰中年人群的口腔黏膜变化。我们分析了潜在恶性疾病的患病率，以及吸烟、鼻烟和饮酒对黏膜变化的影响。
在 NFBC 1966 的 12068 名成员中，共有 1961 名参与者（16.2%）构成了研究人群。由 7 名全科牙医对黏膜变化进行诊断和拍照，然后由 2 名专家根据记录进行所有诊断的重新分析。采用卡方检验和逻辑回归分析进行数据交叉制表分析。
在参与者中，10.5%的人有一些黏膜变化，其中 81.8%被诊断为口腔黏膜病变（OML），18.2%为正常变异。在正常变异中，最常见的是福代斯颗粒（1.2%）、裂纹舌（1.1%）和地图舌（0.9%）。最常见的 OML 是白色病变（6.5%），其中口腔扁平苔藓（OLP）和类病损反应（OLR），统称为口腔类病损疾病，占 3.5%，男性更常见（3.8%比 3.1%）。OLP 见于 1.5%的所有参与者，女性更常见（1.8%比 1.2%），而 OLR 在男性中更常见（2.7%比 1.3%）。白斑在人群中占 0.5%；男性是女性的两倍（0.6%比 0.3%）。未见红斑。目前吸烟者口腔黏膜变化的风险高于既往吸烟者或非吸烟者（OR 3.0，95%CI 2.11-4.28），偶尔或经常使用鼻烟也会增加风险（OR 2.6，95%CI 1.48-4.70）。
在芬兰北部的中年人群中，4%的 OML 为潜在恶性疾病，包括 OLR（2%）、OLP（1.5%）和白斑（0.5%）。特别是吸烟和鼻烟使用增加了出现任何口腔黏膜变化的风险。
