Physical Education and Sport Science Department, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; and.
J Strength Cond Res. 2022 Nov 1;36(11):3143-3150. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003914. Epub 2020 Dec 4.
Tiernan, C, Comyns, T, Lyons, M, Nevill, AM, and Warrington, G. The association between training load indices and injuries in elite soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 36(11): 3143-3150, 2022-To investigate the association between contact injuries, noncontact injuries, and training load indices, across different lag periods in elite soccer players. Internal load (session rate of perceived exertion) was collected from 15 elite soccer players over 1 season (40-weeks). Acute (7 days), chronic (28 days), acute:chronic workload ratio (ACWR) (uncoupled), exponentially weighted moving averages (EWMA) ACWR, and 2-, 3-, and 4-week cumulative load were calculated on a rolling weekly basis. Multilevel logistic regression was used to analyze the associations between contact, noncontact injuries, and training load indices, across different lag periods (5 and 7 days). A player was at a significantly higher risk of a noncontact injury 5 days later, if week-to-week acute load changes increased (odds ratio [OR] = 1.97). An increase in EWMA ACWR was associated with an increased risk of both a contact (OR = 1.30) and noncontact injury (OR = 1.35), 5 days later. An increase in 2-week cumulative load (OR = 1.77) was associated with an increased risk of a contact injury 7 days later and 3-week cumulative load (OR = 1.55) 5 days later. These findings suggest that to reduce the potential risk of a noncontact injury, training load should be gradually increased, avoiding an increase in week-to-week acute load change (≥9%) or EWMA ACWR (>1.20). Findings indicated that EWMA ACWR may be a more sensitive measure for detecting a player at a higher risk of an injury than ACWR. Furthermore, a high 2- and 3-week cumulative load was associated with an increased risk of a contact injury, which may indicate accumulated fatigue. Practitioners must note that this study investigated associations with injury risk and not injury prediction.
蒂尔南、科明斯、莱昂斯、内维尔和沃灵顿研究了接触性损伤、非接触性损伤与精英足球运动员不同滞后期训练负荷指标之间的关系。对 15 名精英足球运动员在一个赛季（40 周）内的内部负荷（感知运动率的会话率）进行了收集。在滚动的每周基础上计算了急性（7 天）、慢性（28 天）、急性：慢性工作量比（ACWR）（未耦合）、指数加权移动平均值（EWMA）ACWR、以及 2、3 和 4 周累积负荷。使用多级逻辑回归分析了接触性和非接触性损伤与训练负荷指标在不同滞后期（5 天和 7 天）之间的关系。如果每周急性负荷变化增加，球员在 5 天后发生非接触性损伤的风险显著增加（优势比 [OR] = 1.97）。EWMA ACWR 的增加与接触性（OR = 1.30）和非接触性损伤（OR = 1.35）的风险增加有关，滞后时间为 5 天。2 周累积负荷（OR = 1.77）的增加与 7 天后接触性损伤和 3 周累积负荷（OR = 1.55）的风险增加有关，滞后时间为 5 天。这些发现表明，为了降低非接触性损伤的潜在风险，训练负荷应逐渐增加，避免每周急性负荷变化（≥9%）或 EWMA ACWR（>1.20）的增加。研究结果表明，EWMA ACWR 可能比 ACWR 更能敏感地检测到受伤风险较高的运动员。此外，高 2 周和 3 周累积负荷与接触性损伤风险增加有关，这可能表明累积疲劳。从业者必须注意，本研究调查了与受伤风险的关系，而不是受伤预测。
