Vanmierlo Bert, Vanmierlo Tim, Goubau Jean
Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AZ Delta, Roeselare, Belgium.
Neuro-Immune Connect & Repair (NIC&R), Department of Immunology and Biochemistry, Biomedical Research Institute (Biomed) Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.
Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2020 Nov 25;8(11):e3246. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000003246. eCollection 2020 Nov.
Merely a few reports of late failure (later than the 7th postoperative day) of a digital replantation can be found in the literature. Discussions of the factors that might cause a late failure are concise. To our knowledge, there are no reports of failure in literature as late as the case we are presenting. An 87-year-old white man was diagnosed with acute complications of a digital replantation, 34 years after initial surgery. Ultrasound examination and an arteriography demonstrated occlusion of the arterial anastomosis. The patient's surgical file revealed scars of former replantation surgery of both the index and the middle finger. In the latter, 1 artery and 2 veins were anastomosed. Considering the age and comorbidities of the patient, revascularization of the finger was not performed. Local wound care and analgesic drugs were prescribed. After initial deterioration and ulceration, gradual improvement was noticed. Total wound healing occurred at 3 months after the initial consultation. Compared with free flap surgery in general, finger replantations are at a higher risk of late complications because digital neovascularization is directly correlated to the contact surface area. This contact surface is usually larger in other free flaps. Furthermore, diseases that deteriorate circulation most likely affect the short- and the long-term survival of a digital replantation. From this point of view, performing both volar digital arterial anastomoses, whenever possible, might reduce early as well as late failure in replantation surgery.
在文献中仅能找到几例断指再植术后晚期失败(术后第7天以后)的报告。关于可能导致晚期失败的因素的讨论很简短。据我们所知,像我们所呈现的这种如此晚期失败的病例在文献中尚无报道。一名87岁的白人男性在初次手术后34年被诊断为断指再植术后的急性并发症。超声检查和动脉造影显示动脉吻合口闭塞。患者的手术记录显示示指和中指均有既往再植手术的瘢痕。在中指,吻合了1条动脉和2条静脉。考虑到患者的年龄和合并症,未进行手指血运重建。给予局部伤口护理和止痛药物。在最初的病情恶化和溃疡形成后,发现病情逐渐好转。初次就诊后3个月伤口完全愈合。与一般的游离皮瓣手术相比,手指再植术后晚期并发症的风险更高,因为手指的新生血管形成与接触表面积直接相关。在其他游离皮瓣中,这种接触表面积通常更大。此外,使血液循环恶化的疾病很可能影响断指再植的短期和长期存活。从这一角度来看,只要有可能,进行双侧指掌侧动脉吻合可能会减少再植手术的早期和晚期失败。