Department of Neurology, Regional Specialist Hospital im. Św. Barbary, Sonowiec, Poland.
Clinical Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia,, Katowice, Poland.
Neurol Neurochir Pol. 2020;54(6):502-507. doi: 10.5603/PJNNS.a2020.0092. Epub 2020 Dec 10.
The prevalence of diplopia in Parkinson's disease (PD) ranges from 10% to 30%. Diplopia is usually limited to specific situations such as reading and looking around, however, it can also be constant. The aim of this review, supplemented by two case studies, was to summarise current knowledge on the frequency, possible causes, differential diagnosis, pathophysiology and treatment approaches to double vision in PD patients.
An electronic search (PubMed, Scopus, Embase and Web of Science) to identify studies regarding diplopia in PD patients was performed in May 2020. The following search terms were used: Parkinson's Disease and diplopia.
Five articles are included in this literature review. In the literature, the number of included patients with PD who presented with symptoms of diplopia varied from a single case report to 88 patients. Diplopia was usually intermittent and binocular. The most commonly reported type of diplopia was single object diplopia, and the second most common was complete diplopia. Risk factors contributing to developing diplopia were: older age, disease duration, disease severity, cognitive decline, presence of visual hallucinations, and higher levodopa equivalent dose. Results also showed that diplopia had a significant impact on quality of life. Possible comorbidities of diplopia include myasthenia gravis and vascular disease.
Diplopia is relatively common in PD, but still understudied. The research shows that it has a clear impact on health-related quality of life and patient safety. The acute onset of diplopia should always result in tests to exclude other diseases. Tailored interventions should be developed, leading to improved patient safety, quality of life, and quality of care.
帕金森病（PD）患者复视的患病率为 10%至 30%。复视通常局限于阅读和环顾四周等特定情况，但也可能是持续存在的。本综述通过两项病例研究，旨在总结 PD 患者复视的频率、可能的原因、鉴别诊断、病理生理学和治疗方法的最新知识。
2020 年 5 月，我们通过电子检索（PubMed、Scopus、Embase 和 Web of Science），查找有关 PD 患者复视的研究。使用了以下搜索词：帕金森病和复视。
本文献综述共纳入了 5 篇文章。文献中，伴有复视症状的 PD 患者数量从单一病例报告到 88 例不等。复视通常是间歇性和双眼性的。报告最多的复视类型是单视复视，其次是完全复视。导致复视的危险因素包括：年龄较大、疾病持续时间、疾病严重程度、认知能力下降、存在视幻觉和较高的左旋多巴等效剂量。结果还表明，复视对生活质量有显著影响。复视的可能合并症包括重症肌无力和血管疾病。
复视在 PD 中较为常见，但仍研究不足。研究表明，它对健康相关生活质量和患者安全有明确影响。复视的急性发作应始终进行其他疾病的检查。应制定针对性的干预措施，以提高患者安全性、生活质量和护理质量。
