Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2021 May 28;10(5):593-598. doi: 10.1093/jpids/piaa164.
An understanding of the clinical characteristics of children with coronavirus disease 2019 in diverse communities is needed to optimize the response of healthcare providers during this pandemic.
We performed a retrospective review of all children presenting to the Texas Children's Hospital system with testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from March 10, 2020, through June 28, 2020. Demographics were recorded for all patients undergoing testing and clinical characteristics and outcomes were recorded for children with positive tests.
Of 16 554 unique patients ≤ 21 years of age who were tested for SARS-CoV-2, 1215 (7.3%) patients tested positive. Infants under 1 year of age and patients aged 18-21 years had the highest percent of positive tests at 9.9% (230/2329) and 10.7% (79/739), respectively. Hispanic children accounted for 66% (802/1215) of positive tests, though they only represented 42.1% (6972/16 554) of all children tested for SARS-CoV-2. Of the 1215 children with a positive test, 55.7% had fever, 40.9% had cough, 39.8% had congestion or rhinorrhea, 21.9% had gastrointestinal complaints, and 15.9% were asymptomatic. Only 97 (8%) patients were hospitalized (of which 68% were Hispanic). Most of the hospitalized patients had underlying medical conditions (62/97, 63.9%), including obesity. Thirty-one hospitalized patients (31/97, 32%) required respiratory support and 9 patients (9/97, 9.3%) received SARS-CoV-2 antiviral therapy. Two patients died.
A relatively high percentage of Hispanic children tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and were hospitalized. Most of the children with detection of SARS-CoV-2 had uncomplicated illness courses; some children were critically ill; and 2 patients died.
为了优化医护人员在此次大流行期间的应对措施，需要了解不同社区中患有 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的儿童的临床特征。
我们对 2020 年 3 月 10 日至 2020 年 6 月 28 日期间在德克萨斯儿童医疗中心系统接受严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）检测的所有儿童进行了回顾性分析。对所有接受检测的患者记录人口统计学特征，对检测结果阳性的儿童记录临床特征和结局。
在 16554 名年龄≤21 岁的接受 SARS-CoV-2 检测的患者中，有 1215 例（7.3%）检测结果为阳性。1 岁以下婴儿和 18-21 岁患者的阳性检测率最高，分别为 9.9%（230/2329）和 10.7%（79/739）。西班牙裔儿童占阳性检测结果的 66%（802/1215），但他们仅占接受 SARS-CoV-2 检测的所有儿童的 42.1%（6972/16554）。在 1215 例检测结果阳性的儿童中，55.7%有发热，40.9%有咳嗽，39.8%有鼻塞或流涕，21.9%有胃肠道症状，15.9%无症状。仅 97 例（8%）患者住院（其中 68%为西班牙裔）。大多数住院患者有基础疾病（62/97，63.9%），包括肥胖。97 例住院患者中，31 例（31/97，32%）需要呼吸支持，9 例（9/97，9.3%）接受 SARS-CoV-2 抗病毒治疗。有 2 例患者死亡。
相当比例的西班牙裔儿童 SARS-CoV-2 检测结果呈阳性并住院治疗。大多数检测到 SARS-CoV-2 的儿童病情较轻，但也有一些儿童病情严重，有 2 例死亡。
