IRTA-Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Ctra. Poble Nou Km 5.5, 43540, Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Tarragona, Spain.
Laboratori d'Investigacions Marines i Aqüicultura, (LIMIA), Govern de les Illes Balears, Av. Gabriel Roca 69, 07158, Port d'Andratx, Mallorca, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Agroambientales y de Economía del Agua, (INAGEA) (INIA-CAIBUIB), Ctra. Valldemossa km. 7,5 Ed, Edifici Guillem Colom Casasnoves, 07122, Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain.
Mar Environ Res. 2021 Jan;163:105220. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105220. Epub 2020 Nov 30.
We examined a disease outbreak of the fan mussel, Pinna nobilis (L.), in the Alfacs Bay (South Ebro Delta, Spain) during a period of two years in three zones exposed to a summer salinity gradient resulting from agricultural freshwater discharges and distance to the open sea. Long-term monitoring was also conducted in Fangar Bay (North Ebro Delta), featuring lower salinities and no evidence of disease. Results showed that the salinity gradient of Alfacs Bay (37.4-35.7) was associated to cumulative mortality (100% near the mouth, 43% in middle regions, and 13% in inner regions), thus hindering the spread of pathogens. Young specimens showed to be more tolerant to disease than large adults but become vulnerable over time. In Fangar Bay, lower salinities (30.5-33.5) prevented the disease but individuals were highly vulnerable to Storm Gloria which caused 60% mortality in 3 weeks, and ~100% in 6 weeks.
我们研究了扇贻贝（Pinna nobilis（L.））在阿尔法斯湾（西班牙埃布罗三角洲南部）的疾病爆发，在两年内的三个区域进行了研究，这些区域受到夏季盐度梯度的影响，原因是农业淡水排放和距离开阔海域的远近。我们还在法加尔湾（埃布罗三角洲北部）进行了长期监测，那里的盐度较低，没有疾病的证据。结果表明，阿尔法斯湾（37.4-35.7）的盐度梯度与累积死亡率（靠近河口处为 100%，中部区域为 43%，内部区域为 13%）有关，从而阻碍了病原体的传播。年轻的标本比成年个体更能耐受疾病，但随着时间的推移，它们会变得脆弱。在法加尔湾，较低的盐度（30.5-33.5）阻止了疾病的发生，但个体对风暴格洛里亚非常脆弱，风暴格洛里亚在 3 周内导致 60%的死亡率，在 6 周内导致近 100%的死亡率。
