Sanna Daria, Azzena Ilenia, Locci Chiara, Ankon Pavel, Kružić Petar, Manfrin Chiara, Pallavicini Alberto, Ciriaco Saul, Segarich Marco, Batistini Edoardo, Scarpa Fabio, Casu Marco
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43b, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Dec 28;14(1):114. doi: 10.3390/ani14010114.
, commonly known as the noble pen shell, is a marine bivalve endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. Unfortunately, due to a multifactorial disease that began affecting its populations in 2016, the species is currently facing the threat of extinction. To gain insights into the evolutionary history of before the mass mortality event (MME), and to obtain a comprehensive understanding of how evolutionary processes led to the adaptation of the species into the Mediterranean Sea, phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses were carried out. The dataset analysed includes 469 sequences of COI gene fragment both from GenBank and the present study (100). The analysis performed evidenced that diverged about 2.5 mya, after the entrance of its ancestor into the Mediterranean Sea following the Zanclean flood (5.33 mya). Moreover, our results suggest that the starting point of colonisation was the central part of the western Mediterranean basin, with the eastern basin being populated subsequently. From a conservational viewpoint, these results provide important hints for present and future restocking plans, helping to reconstruct the pre-existing genetic variability in sites where the species became extinct.
，通常被称为高贵笔壳蛤，是地中海特有的一种海洋双壳类动物。不幸的是，由于一种多因素疾病于2016年开始影响其种群，该物种目前正面临灭绝的威胁。为了深入了解大规模死亡事件（MME）之前 的进化历史，并全面了解进化过程如何导致该物种适应地中海，进行了系统发育和系统地理学分析。分析的数据集包括来自GenBank和本研究（100）的469个COI基因片段序列。进行的分析表明，在其祖先在赞克尔洪灾（533万年前）后进入地中海之后， 大约在250万年前分化。此外，我们的结果表明，殖民化的起点是地中海西部盆地的中部，随后东部盆地有人口居住。从保护的角度来看，这些结果为当前和未来的放流计划提供了重要提示，有助于在该物种灭绝的地点重建先前存在的遗传变异性。
