Mwamuye Micky M, Obara Isaiah, Elati Khawla, Odongo David, Bakheit Mohammed A, Jongejan Frans, Nijhof Ard M
Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 7-13, 14163 Berlin, Germany.
School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100 Nairobi, Kenya.
Life (Basel). 2020 Dec 8;10(12):334. doi: 10.3390/life10120334.
Distinct pathogenic and epidemiological features underlie different strains resulting in different clinical manifestations of East Coast Fever and Corridor Disease in susceptible cattle. Unclear delineation of these strains limits the control of these diseases in endemic areas. Hence, an accurate characterization of strains can improve the treatment and prevention approaches as well as investigate their origin. Here, we describe a set of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) based on 13 near-complete mitogenomes of strains originating from East and Southern Africa, including the live vaccine stock strains. We identified 11 SNPs that are non-preferentially distributed within the coding and non-coding regions, all of which are synonymous except for two within the gene of buffalo-derived strains. Our analysis ascertains haplotype-specific mutations that segregate the different vaccine and the buffalo-derived strains except Muguga and Serengeti-transformed strains suggesting a shared lineage between the latter two vaccine strains. Phylogenetic analyses including the mitogenomes of other species: , , and , with the latter two sequenced in this study for the first time, were congruent with nuclear-encoded genes. Importantly, we describe seven haplotypes characterized by synonymous SNPs and parsimony-informative characters with the other three transforming species mitogenomes. We anticipate that tracking mitochondrial haplotypes from this study will provide insight into the parasite's epidemiological dynamics and underpin current control efforts.
不同的致病和流行病学特征是导致不同菌株产生不同临床表现的原因，这些菌株会使易感牛出现东海岸热和走廊病。对这些菌株的划分不明确限制了在流行地区对这些疾病的控制。因此，准确鉴定菌株可以改进治疗和预防方法，并探究其起源。在此，我们基于来自东非和南非的菌株（包括活疫苗储备菌株）的13个近乎完整的有丝分裂基因组，描述了一组单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。我们鉴定出11个SNP，它们在编码区和非编码区无偏好分布，除了水牛源菌株的基因内有两个非同义突变外，其余均为同义突变。我们的分析确定了单倍型特异性突变，这些突变将不同的疫苗菌株和水牛源菌株区分开来，但穆古加和塞伦盖蒂转化菌株除外，这表明后两种疫苗菌株之间有共同的谱系。系统发育分析包括其他物种（、和）的有丝分裂基因组，其中后两个物种的有丝分裂基因组是本研究首次测序，结果与核编码基因一致。重要的是，我们描述了七种单倍型，其特征是同义SNP和简约信息特征，以及其他三种转化物种的有丝分裂基因组。我们预计，追踪本研究中的线粒体单倍型将有助于深入了解寄生虫的流行病学动态，并为当前的防控工作提供支持。
