Zheng Que, Wang Xinyue, Chiu Ka Yu, Shum Kathy Kar-Man
The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
The University of Hamburg, Germany.
J Atten Disord. 2022 Jan;26(2):267-281. doi: 10.1177/1087054720978557. Epub 2020 Dec 10.
Prior studies have reported time perception impairment in children and adolescents with ADHD but the results were inconsistent.
The current meta-analysis reviews 27 empirical studies published in English after year 2000 that compared time perception competence among children and adolescents with and without ADHD.
Results from 1620 participants with ADHD and 1249 healthy controls showed significant timing deficits in ADHD. Children/adolescents with ADHD perceived time less accurately (Hedges' > 0.40), less precisely (Hedges' = 0.66) and had higher tendency to overestimate time than their healthy counterparts. Moderator analyses indicated that the discrepancy of time perception between groups was not affected by the type of timing tasks nor the modality of stimuli used in the tasks. Nonetheless, results were moderated by age and gender.
These findings may update current understanding of the underlying neuropsychological deficits in ADHD and provide insight for future research in clinical assessments and treatments for ADHD.
先前的研究报告了患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童和青少年存在时间感知障碍，但结果并不一致。
当前的荟萃分析回顾了2000年后发表的27项英文实证研究，这些研究比较了患有和未患有ADHD的儿童和青少年的时间感知能力。
来自1620名ADHD患者和1249名健康对照者的结果显示，ADHD患者存在明显的时间判断缺陷。患有ADHD的儿童/青少年对时间的感知不如健康对照者准确（Hedges' > 0.40）、精确（Hedges' = 0.66），且比健康对照者更倾向于高估时间。调节分析表明，两组之间时间感知的差异不受计时任务类型或任务中使用的刺激方式的影响。尽管如此，结果受年龄和性别的调节。
这些发现可能会更新当前对ADHD潜在神经心理缺陷的理解，并为未来ADHD临床评估和治疗的研究提供见解。
