Urgent Care Pathway, Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
BMC Psychiatry. 2020 Dec 10;20(1):587. doi: 10.1186/s12888-020-02983-5.
Mental health crisis requiring emergency access to psychiatric service can occur at any time. Psychiatric Emergency Service (PES) is described as one that provides an immediate response to an individual in crisis within the first 24 h. Presently, several types of PESs are available in the United Kingdom (UK) with the aim of providing prompt and effective assessment and management of patients. Therefore, this study aims to provide a detailed narrative literature review of the various types of Psychiatric Emergency Service (PES) currently available in the UK.
Electronic search of five key databases (MEDLINE, PsychINFO, EMBASE, AMED and PUBMED) was conducted. Studies were included if it described a mental health service in the UK that provides immediate response in mental health crisis within the first 24 h. Excluded studies did not describe a PES, non-English, and were not conducted in UK.
Nine types of PESs were found. Amongst the 9 services, more papers described crisis resolution home treatment. Majority of the papers reported services within England than other countries within the UK.
All types of PESs were described as beneficial, particularly to mental health service users, but not without some shortcomings. There is a need to continue carrying out methodological research that evaluate impact, cost-effectiveness as well as identify methods of optimising the beneficial outcomes of the various types of PESs. This may help inform researchers, policy makers and commissioners, service users and carers, service providers and many more on how to ensure current and future PESs meet the needs as well as aid recovery during crisis.
需要紧急获得精神科服务的心理健康危机可能随时发生。精神科急诊服务（PES）是指在 24 小时内对处于危机中的个体提供即时反应的服务。目前，英国（UK）有几种类型的 PES，旨在为患者提供快速有效的评估和管理。因此，本研究旨在详细叙述英国目前可用的各种类型的 PES。
对五个关键数据库（MEDLINE、PsychINFO、EMBASE、AMED 和 PUBMED）进行电子检索。如果研究描述了英国的一项心理健康服务，该服务在 24 小时内对心理健康危机提供即时反应，则纳入研究。排除未描述 PES、非英语和不在英国进行的研究。
发现了 9 种 PES。在这 9 种服务中，更多的论文描述了危机解决家庭治疗。大多数论文报道的是英格兰的服务，而不是英国其他国家的服务。
所有类型的 PES 都被描述为有益的，特别是对精神卫生服务使用者，但并非没有一些缺点。需要继续开展方法学研究，评估影响、成本效益，并确定优化各种 PES 有益结果的方法。这可能有助于告知研究人员、政策制定者和决策者、服务使用者和照顾者、服务提供者以及更多的人如何确保当前和未来的 PES 满足需求，并在危机期间帮助恢复。
