Cao Jia-Shuo, Deng Zheng-Yu, Li Wen, Hu Yuan-Dong
College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Key Laboratory for Garden Plant Germplasm Development & Landscape Eco-Restoration in Cold Regions of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
PeerJ. 2020 Nov 25;8:e10257. doi: 10.7717/peerj.10257. eCollection 2020.
Jixi is a typical mining city in China that has undergone dramatic changes in its land-use pattern of mining areas over the development of its coal resources. The impacts of coal mining activities have greatly affected the regional land surface temperature and ecological system.
The Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) data from 2015 and 2019 were used from the Jiguan, Didao, and Chengzihe District of Jixi in Heilongjiang, China as the study area. The calculations to determine the land-use classification, vegetation coverage, and land surface temperature (LST) were performed using ArcGIS10.5 and ENVI 5.3 software packages. A correlation analysis revealed the impact of land-use type, vegetation coverage, and coal mining activities on LSTs.
The results show significant spatial differentiation in the LSTs of Jixi City. The LSTs for various land-use types were ranked from high to low as follows: mining land > construction land > grassland > cultivated land > forest land > water area. The LST was lower in areas with high vegetation coverage than in other areas. For every 0.1 increase in vegetation coverage, the LST is expected to drop by approximately 0.75 °C. An analysis of mining land patches indicates that the patch area of mining lands has a significant positive correlation with both the average and maximum patch temperatures. The average patch temperature shows a logarithmic increase with the growth of the patch area, and within 200,000 m, the average patch temperature increases significantly. The maximum patch temperature shows a linear increase with the patch area growth, and for every 100,000 m increase in the patch area of mining lands, the maximum patch temperature increases by approximately 0.81 °C. The higher the average patch temperature of mining land, the higher the temperature in its buffer zone, and the greater its influence scope. This study provides a useful reference for exploring the warming effects caused by coal mining activities and the definition of its influence scope.
鸡西是中国典型的矿业城市，随着煤炭资源的开发，矿区土地利用格局发生了巨大变化。煤炭开采活动的影响极大地改变了区域地表温度和生态系统。
以中国黑龙江鸡西市鸡冠区、滴道区和城子河区为研究区域，使用2015年和2019年的陆地卫星8号业务陆地成像仪（OLI）数据。利用ArcGIS10.5和ENVI 5.3软件包进行土地利用分类、植被覆盖度和地表温度（LST）的计算。相关性分析揭示了土地利用类型、植被覆盖度和煤炭开采活动对地表温度的影响。
结果表明，鸡西市地表温度存在显著的空间差异。不同土地利用类型的地表温度由高到低排序如下：采矿用地＞建设用地＞草地＞耕地＞林地＞水域。植被覆盖度高的地区地表温度低于其他地区。植被覆盖度每增加0.1，地表温度预计下降约0.75℃。对采矿用地斑块的分析表明，采矿用地的斑块面积与斑块平均温度和最高温度均呈显著正相关。斑块平均温度随斑块面积的增加呈对数增长，在200000平方米范围内，斑块平均温度显著升高。斑块最高温度随斑块面积的增加呈线性增长，采矿用地斑块面积每增加100000平方米，斑块最高温度升高约0.81℃。采矿用地斑块平均温度越高，其缓冲区温度越高，影响范围越大。本研究为探讨煤炭开采活动引起的升温效应及其影响范围的界定提供了有益参考。
