School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.
Key Laboratory of Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 18;20(4):3650. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20043650.
The thermal environment is a crucial part of ecological environments. It is vital to study the distribution and generation of thermal environments for regional sustainable development. Mining area, agricultural area and urban area were taken as the research object, and remote sensing data were used to study the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the thermal environment. The relationship between the thermal environment and land use types was analyzed, and the effect of mining and reclamation on the thermal environment was emphasized. The main findings were: (1) the thermal effect zone in the study area was dispersed. The area ratio of the thermal effect zone accounted for 69.70%, 68.52%, 65.85%, 74.20% and 74.66% in the year 2000, 2003, 2009, 2013 and 2018, respectively. The contribution to the overall thermal effect was in the order of agricultural area > mining area > urban area. (2) The proportion of forest and the average grid temperature always showed a significant negative correlation in different scales and had the highest correlation and the greatest influence. (3) The land surface temperature (LST) of opencast areas was higher than the surrounding temperature, and the temperature difference was 3-5 °C. The LST of reclaimed sites was lower than the surrounding temperature, and the temperature difference was -7 to 0 °C. The quantitative study found that reclamation mode, shape and spatial location could affect the cooling effect of the reclaimed site. This study can provide a reference for the mitigation of thermal effects and the identification of influences of mining and reclamation on the thermal environment in the coordinated development of similar regions.
热环境是生态环境的重要组成部分。研究区域热环境的分布和形成对于区域的可持续发展至关重要。本研究以采煤区、农业区和城区为研究对象，利用遥感数据研究热环境的时空分布特征，分析热环境与土地利用类型的关系，强调了采煤和复垦对热环境的影响。主要结论如下：（1）研究区热效应区呈分散分布。2000 年、2003 年、2009 年、2013 年和 2018 年，热效应区面积占比分别为 69.70%、68.52%、65.85%、74.20%和 74.66%。对整体热效应的贡献顺序为农业区>采煤区>城区。（2）不同尺度下，森林比例与平均网格温度始终呈显著负相关，相关性最高，影响最大。（3）露天采场的地表温度（LST）高于周围温度，温差为 3-5°C。复垦区的 LST 低于周围温度，温差为-7 至 0°C。定量研究发现，复垦方式、形状和空间位置会影响复垦区的冷却效果。本研究可为缓解热效应和识别采煤和复垦对类似地区协调发展的热环境影响提供参考。
