Bhatia Rajani
Department of Women's, Gender and Sexuality Studies, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA.
Reprod Biomed Soc Online. 2020 Oct 14;11:65-72. doi: 10.1016/j.rbms.2020.09.005. eCollection 2020 Nov.
This article explores a Franco-American comparison of assisted reproductive technology (ART), specifically as it relates to sex selection and cross-border reproduction. As a basis for comparison, the nation can materialize in the form of state structure just as much as in cultural-economic assemblages or ideologies that breach geopolitical boundaries. By juxtaposing many contrasts between the French and US contexts - departure versus destination country, highly regulated versus deregulated governance, medical versus social applications, and access (or lack thereof) via public versus private health insurance sectors - it may be difficult to imagine how these extremes occupy a common continuum of globalized market channels. I suggest that invisible or semi-visible reproductive practices along with ART governance provide an avenue to stake out or protect the 'French' way of being and doing ART just as much as they make the 'American' way simultaneously elusive and easy to appropriate. Ultimately, both the French and American approaches to ART collude in the institutionalization of globalized markets. Through the case of cross-border and (sex) selective ART, it is possible to see how both the French and the Americans are involved in the undoing and doing of nation via ART as global assemblage.
本文探讨了法国和美国在辅助生殖技术（ART）方面的比较，特别是与性别选择和跨境生殖相关的方面。作为比较的基础，国家既可以以国家结构的形式体现，也可以体现在突破地缘政治边界的文化经济组合或意识形态中。通过将法国和美国背景下的诸多差异并列呈现——出发国与目的国、高度监管与放松监管的治理、医学应用与社会应用，以及通过公共与私人医疗保险部门获得（或无法获得）服务——可能很难想象这些极端情况如何处于全球化市场渠道的共同连续体之中。我认为，无形或半无形的生殖实践以及辅助生殖技术治理，既为界定或保护法国进行辅助生殖技术的方式提供了一条途径，也使得美国的方式既难以捉摸又易于挪用。最终，法国和美国在辅助生殖技术方面的方法都在全球化市场的制度化过程中相互勾结。通过跨境和（性别）选择性辅助生殖技术的案例，可以看到法国人和美国人是如何通过作为全球组合的辅助生殖技术参与国家的解构和建构的。
