Vengaloor Thomas Toms, Perekattu Kuruvilla Teessa, Holliday Emma, Bhanat Eldrin, Parr Amy, Albert Ashley A, Page Brandi, Schuster Jessica, Chapman Christina, Vijayakumar Srinivasan
University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi.
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
Adv Radiat Oncol. 2020 Jul 30;5(6):1099-1103. doi: 10.1016/j.adro.2020.07.008. eCollection 2020 Nov-Dec.
The purpose of this study is to assess the current status of gender disparities in academic radiation oncology departments in the United States and the associated factors.
The data were collected from publicly available resources, including websites of individual radiation oncology programs, the Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, and the Association of American Medical Colleges. We collected data on the gender information of residents in each year (postgraduate years 2-5) and of the faculty (attendings, program director, and chair) during the academic year 2018 to 2019. Spearman's rho test, Pearson's chi-squared test, and Fisher exact tests were used for evaluating the correlation among variables using SPSS version 24.
Women constituted 30.8% of radiation oncology residents in the United States in 2019. Eight programs (12.5%) did not have any female residents in their programs, whereas 6 programs (9%) had women constituting more than half of their resident class. The fraction of female medical students applying to radiation oncology over the last 7 years varied between 27% and 33%. Female attending physicians accounted for 30.5% of all the attending physicians in the academic programs. In the leadership positions of the department, the gender gap was wider where only 19 (20%) and 11 (12%) of programs had female program director or chair, respectively. There was a positive correlation between the number of attending physicians and the number of female residents in programs ( = .01).
A significant gender disparity continues to exist among the residents and physicians in the academic radiation oncology departments in the US. This disparity is pronounced in the leadership positions. The results of this study could be used as a benchmark to evaluate the progress that has been made by the efforts to improve gender disparities in radiation oncology.
本研究旨在评估美国放射肿瘤学学术部门性别差异的现状及相关因素。
数据收集自公开可用资源，包括各个放射肿瘤学项目的网站、住院医师和研究员电子互动数据库、毕业后医学教育认证委员会以及美国医学院协会。我们收集了2018至2019学年各年级（研究生二年级至五年级）住院医师以及教职员工（主治医师、项目主任和系主任）的性别信息。使用SPSS 24版本，通过斯皮尔曼等级相关系数检验、皮尔逊卡方检验和费舍尔精确检验来评估变量之间的相关性。
2019年，女性占美国放射肿瘤学住院医师的30.8%。有8个项目（12.5%）的项目中没有女性住院医师，而有6个项目（9%）的女性住院医师占其住院医师班级的一半以上。在过去7年中，申请放射肿瘤学专业的女性医学生比例在27%至33%之间波动。女性主治医师占学术项目中所有主治医师的30.5%。在部门领导职位上，性别差距更大，只有19个项目（20%）有女性项目主任，11个项目（12%）有女性系主任。项目中主治医师的数量与女性住院医师的数量之间存在正相关（ = .01）。
美国放射肿瘤学学术部门的住院医师和医师之间仍然存在显著的性别差异。这种差异在领导职位上尤为明显。本研究结果可作为评估在改善放射肿瘤学性别差异方面所做努力取得的进展的基准。
