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下肢肌肉激发、峰值扭矩和 120 分钟基于跑步机的足球专项模拟的外部负载反应。

Lower-Limb Muscle Excitation, Peak Torque, and External Load Responses to a 120-Minute Treadmill-Based Soccer-Specific Simulation.

机构信息

University of Huddersfield.

Edge Hill University.

出版信息

Res Q Exerc Sport. 2022 Jun;93(2):368-378. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2020.1844858. Epub 2020 Dec 11.

Abstract

: The aim of this study was to investigate thigh musculature excitation and torque generation in response to soccer-specific exercise incorporating an extra-time (ET) period. : Twelve semiprofessional soccer players performed 120-min treadmill-based soccer-specific exercise. Surface electromyography (EMG) signals for the rectus femoris (EMG) and biceps femoris (EMG) were measured as the mean response across a pre-determined 10-second sprint bout during each 15-min block of exercise. Peak eccentric torque of the knee flexors (eccKF) and concentric torque of the knee extensors (conKE) were recorded across angular velocities of 60, 180, and 270 deg∙s immediately pre- and post-exercise. Tri-axial PlayerLoad™ (PL-T) was monitored throughout exercise and defined across vertical (PL-V), anterior-posterior (PL-AP), and medial-lateral (PL-ML) planes of motion. : A reduction in normalized EMG amplitude was evident at 105‒120 min, versus 0‒15 min (-12.5%; .037), 15‒30 min (-12.5%; .047), and 45‒60 min (-14%; .030). Peak torque of the eccKF was significantly reduced from pre- to post-exercise at 60 (-7.7%; = .018), 180 (-10.5%; = .042), and 270 deg∙s (-7.5%; = .034). A main effect for time was identified for PL-T ( < .010), PL-V ( = .033), and PL-AP ( < .010). : These findings suggest that muscle excitation of the rectus femoris is reduced during ET, accompanied with a deficit in the torque generation of the knee flexors following 120 min of soccer-specific activity. Practitioners should adequately condition players for the additional ET period by incorporating exercises into training schedules that develop fatigue-resistant eccentric hamstring strength to minimize injury risk.

摘要

本研究旨在探究在包含加时赛(ET)的足球专项运动中,大腿肌肉的兴奋和扭矩产生情况。

12 名半职业足球运动员在跑步机上进行了 120 分钟的足球专项运动。在每个 15 分钟的运动块中,通过在预先确定的 10 秒冲刺回合内测量股直肌(EMG)和股二头肌(EMG)的表面肌电图(EMG)信号,来获得平均响应。在运动前后,立即以 60、180 和 270°/s 的角速度记录膝关节屈肌的峰值离心扭矩(eccKF)和膝关节伸肌的向心扭矩(conKE)。在整个运动过程中监测三轴 PlayerLoad™(PL-T),并在垂直(PL-V)、前-后(PL-AP)和内-外(PL-ML)运动平面上进行定义。

与 0-15 分钟(-12.5%;.037)、15-30 分钟(-12.5%;.047)和 45-60 分钟(-14%;.030)相比,在 105-120 分钟时,归一化 EMG 幅度明显降低(-12.5%;.037)。与运动前相比,eccKF 的峰值扭矩在 60(-7.7%; =.018)、180(-10.5%; =.042)和 270°/s(-7.5%; =.034)时明显降低。PL-T( <.010)、PL-V( =.033)和 PL-AP( <.010)均出现时间的主要效应。

这些发现表明,在 ET 期间股直肌的兴奋度降低,并且在 120 分钟的足球专项活动后,膝关节屈肌的扭矩产生能力受损。从业者应通过将发展抗疲劳的离心腘绳肌力量的练习纳入训练计划中,为额外的 ET 时段充分锻炼球员,以尽量减少受伤风险。

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