Beijing Key Laboratory of Traffic Engineering, College of Metropolitan Transportation, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
The Beijing Engineering Research Center of Urban Transportation Operation Guarantee The College of Metropolitan Transportation, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
Accid Anal Prev. 2021 Feb;150:105913. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2020.105913. Epub 2020 Dec 8.
Traffic safety devices are one of the most important tools used to improve safety in tunnels. The tunnel retro-reflective arch (TA) plays a crucial role in stimulating drivers, relieving visual stress, and improving safety. However, determining the TA spacing mostly relies on experience and relevant standards are lacking. The aim of this research was to evaluate the degree of influence of the TA on driver behavior, visual aspects, and psychology in different zones (overall tunnel, curved segment, and middle segment) of extra-long tunnels. To test the influence of TAs, four scenarios were constructed, including three alternatives with different TA spacings (200, 300, and 400 m), and one no-arch design as a control alternative. Based on a driving simulator, the evaluation indicators related to driving safety, smoothness, and handling stability were selected and analyzed. We acquired data every 50 m as an analytical unit. The results show that the TA significantly affects driver behavior, visual aspects, and psychology. According to the matter-element model result, setting the TA spacing to 300 m in curved segment and in the tunnel overall is the best option. In the middle segment, the setting spacing of 400 m is ideal.
交通安全设施是提高隧道安全性的最重要工具之一。隧道反光拱（TA）在刺激驾驶员、缓解视觉压力和提高安全性方面起着至关重要的作用。然而，确定 TA 间距主要依赖于经验，相关标准也缺乏。本研究旨在评估 TA 在不同区域（整个隧道、弯道段和中间段）对驾驶员行为、视觉和心理的影响程度。为了测试 TA 的影响，构建了四个场景，包括三种不同 TA 间距（200、300 和 400 米）的替代方案，以及一个无拱设计作为对照方案。基于驾驶模拟器，选择和分析了与驾驶安全、平稳性和操控稳定性相关的评估指标。我们以每 50 米为一个分析单元获取数据。结果表明，TA 显著影响驾驶员行为、视觉和心理。根据物元模型的结果，在弯道段和整个隧道中将 TA 间距设置为 300 米是最佳选择。在中间段，设置 400 米的间距是理想的。
