II Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
Foot Ankle Spec. 2022 Jun;15(3):272-282. doi: 10.1177/1938640020974889. Epub 2020 Dec 14.
Rupture of the plantar fascia is a rare condition. It can also occur spontaneously and with no history of disease of the plantar fascia, above all in athletes. This review aims to systematically analyze all cases described in the literature regarding the rupture of the plantar fascia, evaluating incidence, risk factors, and treatments, considering which procedures show the best outcomes and the highest success rate.
A systematic review of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane review computerized databases was performed, focusing on articles about cases of rupture of the plantar fascia; 18 studies fulfilled all the criteria and were analyzed. There were no randomized controlled trials.
A total of 155 patients (157 foot) were included in this systematic review. Considering all the studies included, 12 patients had a spontaneous rupture, 138 patients had a diagnosis of plantar fasciitis, and 130 patients were treated with local injections of corticosteroid before the rupture. Only 2 cases of bilateral rupture were reported. In all, 15 studies reported conservative treatment, with a total of 154 patients (156 feet) included. Operative treatment was reported in 3 studies, with 3 patients (3 feet) treated.
Ruptures of the plantar fascia are very rare in asymptomatic patients and more common in patients treated with injection of steroids in the plantar fascia. Conservative treatment, although not standardized in the literature, led to good outcomes in most cases. Chronic ruptures of the fascia should be considered for operative treatment.
Level III.
足底筋膜炎的撕裂是一种罕见的情况。它也可以在没有足底筋膜炎病史的情况下自发发生，尤其是在运动员中。本综述旨在系统地分析文献中描述的所有跟骨筋膜炎撕裂病例，评估其发病率、危险因素和治疗方法，考虑哪些手术程序显示出最好的结果和最高的成功率。
对 PubMed、Google Scholar 和 Cochrane 评论计算机数据库进行了系统的回顾，重点关注关于足底筋膜炎撕裂病例的文章；有 18 项研究符合所有标准并进行了分析。没有随机对照试验。
本系统综述共纳入 155 例患者（157 足）。考虑到所有纳入的研究，12 例为自发性撕裂，138 例为足底筋膜炎诊断，130 例在撕裂前接受过足底筋膜炎皮质类固醇局部注射治疗。仅报告了 2 例双侧撕裂。总的来说，15 项研究报告了保守治疗，共纳入 154 例患者（156 足）。3 项研究报告了手术治疗，共治疗 3 例患者（3 足）。
无症状患者的足底筋膜炎撕裂非常罕见，而在接受足底筋膜炎注射皮质类固醇治疗的患者中更为常见。尽管文献中没有标准化的保守治疗，但大多数情况下都能取得良好的效果。对于慢性筋膜撕裂，应考虑手术治疗。
III 级。
