Department of Respiratory Paediatrics, Southampton Children's Hospital, Southampton, UK.
Department of Paediatrics, Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital, Basingstoke, UK.
Paediatr Respir Rev. 2021 Sep;39:82-89. doi: 10.1016/j.prrv.2020.10.005. Epub 2020 Nov 6.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a form of chronic lung disease commonly seen in preterm infants as the sequelae following respiratory distress syndrome. The management of evolving BPD aims to minimise lung injury and prevent the impact of hypoxia and hyperoxia. Proposed morbidities include respiratory instability, pulmonary hypertension, suboptimal growth, altered cerebral oxygenation and long-term neurodevelopmental impairment. The ongoing management and associated morbidity present a significant burden for carers and healthcare systems. Long-term oxygen therapy may be required for variable duration, though there is a lack of consensus and wide variation in practise when weaning supplemental oxygen. Furthermore, a shift in care towards earlier discharge and community care underlines the importance of a structured discharge and weaning process that eliminates the potential risks associated with hypoxia and hyperoxia. This review article describes recent evidence outlining oxygen saturation reference ranges in young infants, on which structured guidance can be based.
支气管肺发育不良（BPD）是一种慢性肺部疾病，通常见于早产儿，是呼吸窘迫综合征的后遗症。不断发展的 BPD 的管理旨在最大限度地减少肺部损伤，并防止缺氧和高氧血症的影响。提出的病态包括呼吸不稳定、肺动脉高压、生长不良、脑氧合改变和长期神经发育障碍。正在进行的管理和相关的发病率给照顾者和医疗保健系统带来了巨大的负担。长期氧疗可能需要不同的时间，但在脱机补充氧气方面缺乏共识和广泛的差异。此外，护理方向转向更早出院和社区护理，突出了结构化出院和脱机过程的重要性，以消除与缺氧和高氧血症相关的潜在风险。这篇综述文章描述了最近的证据，概述了年轻婴儿的氧饱和度参考范围，这可以作为结构化指导的基础。
