Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; Reproductive & Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China.
Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Reproductive Engineering, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China; Reproductive & Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China.
Immunol Lett. 2021 Feb;230:59-62. doi: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.12.001. Epub 2020 Dec 9.
The potential application of human embryonic stem cells in regenerative medicine using cell, tissue or organ transplantation has aroused great interest. However, HLA incompatibility between donor cells or tissues and the recipient is a primary obstacle to the use of unmatched human embryonic stem cells and their derivatives as donor 'grafts' for patient treatment without some form of immunosuppressive therapy. This is because, for most tissues, which express HLA Class I antigens, the recipient patient's immune system will recognize the difference between their and the donor's HLA types, leading to graft rejection in the absence of immunosuppressive therapy. One approach to overcoming this obstacle and enabling the use of a single or limited range of suitably selected human embryonic stem cells and their derivatives without needing extensive HLA matching is to use gene-editing technology to establish a universally or widely HLA compatible human embryonic stem cell line, thereby providing a potentially unlimited source of cells for future cell, tissue or organ transplantation. This article reviews current strategies and methods for establishing such universal or near universally HLA compatible human embryonic stem cell lines.
人类胚胎干细胞在利用细胞、组织或器官移植进行再生医学中的潜在应用引起了极大的兴趣。然而，供体细胞或组织与受者之间的 HLA 不相容性是使用不匹配的人类胚胎干细胞及其衍生物作为供体“移植物”进行患者治疗的主要障碍，如果不进行某种形式的免疫抑制治疗。这是因为，对于大多数表达 HLA Ⅰ类抗原的组织，受者的免疫系统将识别其与供者 HLA 类型之间的差异，从而导致移植物排斥，除非进行免疫抑制治疗。克服这一障碍并能够在无需广泛 HLA 匹配的情况下使用单一或有限范围的合适选择的人类胚胎干细胞及其衍生物的一种方法是使用基因编辑技术建立普遍或广泛 HLA 相容的人类胚胎干细胞系，从而为未来的细胞、组织或器官移植提供潜在的无限来源的细胞。本文综述了建立这种普遍或近乎普遍 HLA 相容的人类胚胎干细胞系的现有策略和方法。
