Department of Counseling, Health & Kinesiology, College of Education and Human Development, Texas A&M University-San Antonio. One University way San Antonio, TX 78224, USA.
Department of Counseling, Health & Kinesiology, College of Education and Human Development, Texas A&M University-San Antonio. One University way San Antonio, TX 78224, USA.
Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2021 Jan;81:105243. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2020.105243. Epub 2020 Dec 8.
Increased body weight is associated with an increased magnitude of foot pressures. Although body mass index (BMI) has been widely used in the assessment of obesity, BMI does not differentiate between muscle and adipose tissue, which may play an important role in characterizing walking patterns. The purpose of the study was to compare gait biomechanics between obese and weight-matched control group.
Sixty male adults were assigned to a normal and obese group based on body fat percentage. Body compositions and BMI were measured by the bioelectrical impedance method. Plantar pressure and gait parameters were recorded with a force-distribution-measure treadmill system during walking at the preferred speed. Physical fitness assessment was also conducted to assess muscular strength, muscular endurance, maximum oxygen uptake, flexibility, and agility.
Normal group displayed greater muscle strength, flexibility, and maximum oxygen uptake compared to the obese group. Foot-pressure measures indicated significantly greater peak pressure values for the front and rear of the foot in the normal group. Greater muscle strength was correlated with higher BMI and lower body fat percentage. A significant negative correlation between body fat percent and gait variables was also exhibited.
The results demonstrated different force application patterns during walking between the obese and weight-matched control group, indicating a potential influence of body fat percent on foot pressure characteristics in walking. Therefore, a comprehensive classification of obesity, including body fat percent, should be administered for the prescription of safe physical activity.
体重增加与足部压力增大有关。尽管身体质量指数（BMI）已广泛用于评估肥胖，但 BMI 并不能区分肌肉和脂肪组织，而这两者可能在描述步行模式方面发挥着重要作用。本研究的目的是比较肥胖和体重匹配对照组之间的步态生物力学。
根据体脂百分比，将 60 名成年男性分配到正常组和肥胖组。使用生物电阻抗法测量体成分和 BMI。在以自身偏好速度行走时，使用测力跑步机系统记录足底压力和步态参数。还进行了体能评估，以评估肌肉力量、肌肉耐力、最大摄氧量、柔韧性和敏捷性。
与肥胖组相比，正常组显示出更大的肌肉力量、柔韧性和最大摄氧量。足部压力测量值表明，正常组的足部前掌和后掌的峰值压力值显著更大。更高的肌肉力量与更高的 BMI 和更低的体脂百分比相关。体脂百分比与步态变量之间也表现出显著的负相关。
结果表明，肥胖和体重匹配对照组在行走过程中表现出不同的力应用模式，这表明体脂百分比可能对行走中的足底压力特征有影响。因此，应综合评估肥胖，包括体脂百分比，以制定安全的体育活动处方。
