Huang Xin-Hui, Ren Bai-Zhao, Zhao Bin, Liu Peng, Zhang Ji-Wang
College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2020 Oct;31(10):3433-3444. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202010.024.
Light shortage in the canopy of summer maize resulted from the decrease of solar radiation and the increase of planting density in Huanghuaihai region could reduce maize yield. In order to explore the effects of phytase Q9 on leaf senescence characteristics of summer maize, three sha-ding treatments with summer maize hybrid 'Denghai 605' (DH605) were conducted, including shading at flowering to maturity stage (S), shading at ear stage (S), and shading at whole growth stage (S) with natural lighting in the field as control (CK). Chemical control reagent phytase Q9 was used to regulate the shading treatments (the original solution was diluted by 100 times) and the CK exogenously, namely shading at flowering to maturity stage-phytase Q9 (SQ), shading at ear stage-phytase Q9 (SQ), and shading at whole growth stage-phytase Q9 (SQ), and natural lighting-phytase Q9 (CKQ), with spraying water at the same stage as the control. The results showed that leaf area index (LAI), soil-plant analysis development (SPAD) value and net photosynthetic rate of summer maize was significantly reduced by shading, which led to decreases of yield. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) in ear-leaf decreased. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and free proline increased, and that of soluble protein decreased. The spraying phytase Q9 significantly increased LAI, SPAD and net photosynthetic rate in SQ and SQ. MDA and free proline content in SQ, SQ, and SQ were significantly decreased, and soluble protein content and POD activity was significantly increased. SOD and CAT activities in SQ and SQ were significantly increased. The yield of SQ, SQ and SQ were 19%, 8% and 7% higher than that of S, S and S respectively. There was no significant difference between CKQ and CK. In conclusion, phytase Q9 could effectively alleviate the negative impact of low light on yield formation of summer maize, and increase grain yield by improving photosynthetic capacity of leaves and delaying leaf senescence.
黄淮海地区夏季玉米冠层光照不足是由太阳辐射减少和种植密度增加导致的，这会降低玉米产量。为了探究植酸酶Q9对夏季玉米叶片衰老特性的影响，以夏玉米杂交种‘登海605’（DH605）进行了三种遮光处理，包括开花至成熟期遮光（S）、穗期遮光（S）和全生育期遮光（S），以田间自然光照为对照（CK）。使用化学调控试剂植酸酶Q9对外源遮光处理（原液稀释100倍）和CK进行调控，即开花至成熟期遮光 - 植酸酶Q9（SQ）、穗期遮光 - 植酸酶Q9（SQ）、全生育期遮光 - 植酸酶Q9（SQ）以及自然光照 - 植酸酶Q9（CKQ），并在与对照相同阶段喷水。结果表明，遮光显著降低了夏玉米的叶面积指数（LAI）、土壤 - 植株分析发展（SPAD）值和净光合速率，导致产量下降。穗位叶中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性降低。丙二醛（MDA）和游离脯氨酸含量增加，可溶性蛋白含量降低。喷施植酸酶Q9显著提高了SQ和SQ中的LAI、SPAD和净光合速率。SQ、SQ和SQ中的MDA和游离脯氨酸含量显著降低，可溶性蛋白含量和POD活性显著提高。SQ和SQ中的SOD和CAT活性显著提高。SQ、SQ和SQ的产量分别比S、S和S高19%、8%和7%。CKQ和CK之间无显著差异。综上所述，植酸酶Q9能有效缓解弱光对夏玉米产量形成的负面影响，通过提高叶片光合能力和延缓叶片衰老来增加籽粒产量。
