Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC) , Criciúma, Brazil.
Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston , Houston, TX, USA.
Tissue Barriers. 2021 Jan 2;9(1):1840912. doi: 10.1080/21688370.2020.1840912. Epub 2020 Dec 15.
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction triggered by a dysregulated host immune response attempting to eliminate the infection. After hospital discharge, half of the sepsis survivors recover, one-third of the patients die the following year, and one-sixth have a long-term cognitive impairment, including memory dysfunction, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The infection triggers the host immune response, and both can cause vascular endothelial damage, interrupting tight junctions proteins; consequently, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) breaks down, allowing and facilitating the entry of peripheral immune cells into the brain, which triggers or exacerbates the activation of glial cells and neuroinflammation. The focus of this review is to identify biochemical abnormalities induced by sepsis, which is associated with BBB dysfunction; provide evidence of biomarkers involved in the tight junction disruption and BBB damage, and draw attention to the role of the BBB as a bridge between systemic infection and brain inflammation.
脓毒症是一种危及生命的器官功能障碍，由失调的宿主免疫反应试图消除感染引起。出院后，一半的脓毒症幸存者康复，三分之一的患者在次年死亡，六分之一的患者有长期认知障碍，包括记忆功能障碍、焦虑、抑郁和创伤后应激障碍。感染引发宿主免疫反应，两者都可导致血管内皮损伤，中断紧密连接蛋白；因此，血脑屏障（BBB）破裂，允许并促进外周免疫细胞进入大脑，从而引发或加剧神经胶质细胞的激活和神经炎症。本综述的重点是确定与 BBB 功能障碍相关的脓毒症引起的生化异常；提供涉及紧密连接破坏和 BBB 损伤的生物标志物的证据，并提请注意 BBB 在全身感染和大脑炎症之间的桥梁作用。
