Toyoshima K, Semba K, Nishizawa M, Yamanashi Y, Sukegawa J, Miyajima N, Yamamoto T
Department of Oncology, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Princess Takamatsu Symp. 1986;17:11-20.
We have determined the total coding sequence of human c-yes, a non-receptor type protein-tyrosine kinase gene, and found that the c-yes gene closely resembles the c-src gene. Recently, two new genes, syn and lyn, were found to encode proteins closely related to the yes product. In addition, we also determined the partial sequence of fgr. These genes together with lck reported by two American groups have very closely related structures and are thought to compose a closely related group of non-receptor type protein-tyrosine kinases. Partial analysis of the structures of these genes indicated that they have identical splicing junctions at all sites so far examined. On the other hand, the erbB-1/EGF (epidermal growth factor) receptor gene and the erbB-2/neu gene have completely different splicing junctions from those of the above gene group even in the kinase domain, although these genes also have protein kinase activity specific for tyrosine residues and the erbB-1 and -2 genes share splicing sites. These results suggest that the genes of the group of six non-receptor type kinases and those of the erbB-1 and erbB-2 gene group are descendants evolved by duplication of two distinct ancestor genes and are members of two distinct multi-gene families. The genes coding for protein kinases may be members of a super-family including multiple distinct gene families.
我们已经确定了人类c-yes（一种非受体型蛋白酪氨酸激酶基因）的完整编码序列，并发现c-yes基因与c-src基因非常相似。最近，发现了两个新基因syn和lyn，它们编码的蛋白质与yes产物密切相关。此外，我们还确定了fgr的部分序列。这些基因与两个美国研究小组报道的lck一起，具有非常相似的结构，被认为构成了一个密切相关的非受体型蛋白酪氨酸激酶家族。对这些基因结构的部分分析表明，到目前为止所检测的所有位点上，它们都具有相同的剪接连接点。另一方面，erbB-1/表皮生长因子（EGF）受体基因和erbB-2/neu基因，即使在激酶结构域，其剪接连接点也与上述基因家族完全不同，尽管这些基因也具有对酪氨酸残基特异的蛋白激酶活性，并且erbB-1和-2基因共享剪接位点。这些结果表明，六个非受体型激酶家族的基因以及erbB-1和erbB-2基因家族的基因是由两个不同的祖先基因通过复制进化而来的后代，属于两个不同的多基因家族。编码蛋白激酶的基因可能是一个包含多个不同基因家族的超家族的成员。
