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2017 年至 2020 年美国青少年使用尼古丁电子烟的趋势及看法。

Trends in Use and Perceptions of Nicotine Vaping Among US Youth From 2017 to 2020.

机构信息

University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

University of Southern California, Los Angeles.

出版信息

JAMA Pediatr. 2021 Feb 1;175(2):185-190. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.5667.

DOI:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.5667
PMID:33320241
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7739194/
Abstract

IMPORTANCE

US adolescent nicotine vaping increased at a record pace from 2017 to 2019, prompting new national policies to reduce access to flavors of vaping products preferred by youth.

OBJECTIVE

To estimate prevalence, perceived harm, and accessibility of nicotine vaping products among US adolescents from 2017 to 2020.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This survey study includes data from Monitoring the Future, which conducted annual, cross-sectional, school-based, nationally representative surveys from 2017 to 2020 of 10th- and 12th-grade students (results pooled grades, n = 94 320) about vaping and other topics.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES

Prevalence of self-reported nicotine vaping; vaping brand and flavor used most often; perceived risk of nicotine vaping; and perceived ease of getting vaping devices, nicotine solutions for vaping, and flavored solutions.

RESULTS

In 2020, Monitoring the Future surveyed 8660 students in 10th and 12th grade, of whom 50.6% (95% CI, 47%-54%) were female, 13% (95% CI, 8%-21%) were non-Hispanic Black, 29% (95% CI, 21%-40%) were Hispanic, and 53% (95% CI, 42%-63%) were non-Hispanic White. Nicotine vaping prevalence in 2020 was 22% (95% CI, 19%-25%) for past 30-day use, 32% (95% CI, 28%-37%) for past 12-month use, and 41% (95% CI, 37%-46%) for lifetime use; these levels did not significantly change from 2019. Daily nicotine vaping (use on ≥20 days of the last 30 days) significantly declined from 9% (95% CI, 8%-10%) to 7% (95% CI, 6%-9%) over 2019 to 2020. JUUL brand prevalence in the past 30 days decreased from 20% (95% CI, 18%-22%) in 2019 to 13% (95% CI, 11%-15%) in 2020, while use of other brands increased. Among youth who vaped in the past 30 days in 2020, the most often used flavor was fruit at 59% (95% CI, 55%-63%), followed by mint at 27% (95% CI, 24%-30%) and menthol at 7% (95% CI, 5%-9%); significantly fewer reported easy access to vaping devices and nicotine solutions compared with 2019; and 80% (95% CI, 75%-84%) reported they could easily get a vaping flavor other than tobacco or menthol. Among all youth, perceived risk of both occasional and regular nicotine vaping increased from 2019 to 2020.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE

Increasing US adolescent nicotine vaping trends from 2017 to 2019 halted in 2020, including a decline in daily vaping. Decreases in perceived accessibility of some vaping products, as well as increases in perceived risk of nicotine vaping, occurred from 2019 to 2020. Yet, adolescent nicotine vaping remains highly prevalent, flavors remain highly accessible, and declines in JUUL use were countered by increased use of other brands.

摘要

重要性

从 2017 年到 2019 年,美国青少年尼古丁蒸气吸入的速度创历史新高,促使新的国家政策出台,以减少青少年喜爱的蒸气产品口味的可及性。

目的

从 2017 年到 2020 年,估计美国青少年使用尼古丁蒸气产品的流行率、感知危害和可及性。

设计、地点和参与者:这项调查研究的数据来自监测未来,该研究从 2017 年到 2020 年,对 10 年级和 12 年级的学生(结果合并了年级,n=94320)进行了年度、横断面、基于学校的全国代表性调查,调查内容包括蒸气和其他主题。

主要结果和措施

自我报告的尼古丁蒸气使用的流行率;最常使用的蒸气品牌和口味;尼古丁蒸气使用的感知风险;以及获得蒸气设备、尼古丁蒸气溶液和调味溶液的感知便利性。

结果

2020 年,监测未来调查了 8660 名 10 年级和 12 年级的学生,其中 50.6%(95%CI,47%-54%)为女性,13%(95%CI,8%-21%)为非西班牙裔黑人,29%(95%CI,21%-40%)为西班牙裔,53%(95%CI,42%-63%)为非西班牙裔白人。2020 年尼古丁蒸气使用的流行率为过去 30 天使用的 22%(95%CI,19%-25%),过去 12 个月使用的 32%(95%CI,28%-37%),终身使用的 41%(95%CI,37%-46%);与 2019 年相比,这些水平没有显著变化。与 2019 年相比,2019 年至 2020 年,每日尼古丁蒸气使用(过去 30 天中使用≥20 天)从 9%(95%CI,8%-10%)显著下降至 7%(95%CI,6%-9%)。过去 30 天使用 JUUL 品牌的比例从 2019 年的 20%(95%CI,18%-22%)下降到 2020 年的 13%(95%CI,11%-15%),而其他品牌的使用量增加。在 2020 年过去 30 天使用蒸气的青少年中,最常使用的口味是水果味,占 59%(95%CI,55%-63%),其次是薄荷味,占 27%(95%CI,24%-30%),薄荷醇味占 7%(95%CI,5%-9%);与 2019 年相比,报告更容易获得蒸气设备和尼古丁溶液的比例显著下降;80%(95%CI,75%-84%)的人报告说,他们很容易获得除烟草或薄荷醇以外的蒸气口味。在所有青少年中,偶尔和经常使用尼古丁蒸气的感知风险从 2019 年到 2020 年都有所增加。

结论和相关性

从 2017 年到 2019 年,美国青少年尼古丁蒸气使用的趋势有所增加,但到 2020 年已停止,包括每日蒸气使用量的下降。从 2019 年到 2020 年,一些蒸气产品的可及性感知下降,以及尼古丁蒸气使用的感知风险增加。然而,青少年尼古丁蒸气使用仍然非常普遍,口味仍然非常容易获得,JUUL 使用量的下降被其他品牌使用量的增加所抵消。